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非謂語動詞專講專練
非謂語動詞在句中不能作謂語。非謂語動詞是中考考點之一，主要考查動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式。
動詞不定式
考點一：作賓語。
1. 只能跟動詞不定式(短語)作賓語的動詞有agree, afford, ask, choose, decide, expect, fail, fear, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, refuse, want, wish等。
2. 「疑問詞+動詞不定式」在句中可以作賓語。
考點二：動詞不定式的否定結構由 not+動詞不定式構成。
【考例連結】單項選擇
( )1. —Do you prefer ______ basketball with me?
—No, I'd rather ______ at home and watch TV.
A. play; stay B. to play; to stay C. play; to stay D. to play; stay
( )2. Cindy's grandmother is learning ______ the new mobile phone.
A. use B. uses C. used D. to use
( )3. —Have you decided when ______?
—Yes, tomorrow morning.
A. will you leave B. are you leaving C. to leave
( )4. —Do you have any plans for the coming vacation?
—Sure. We decide ______ Sansha in July.
A. visit B. visiting C. visited D. to visit
考點三：作賓語補足語。
1. 一些動詞後常跟動詞不定式(短語)作賓語補足語，這類動詞有allow, advise, ask, call, encourage, expect, force, get, help, invite, need, order, remind, teach, tell, train, want, warn等。
2. 使役動詞(如make, let, have等)及感官動詞(如see, feel, hear, watch, notice等)後跟動詞不定式(短語)作賓語補足語時須省略to，但在變為被動語態時要加上to。
注意：make sb. done表示「使某人被……」。
have sth. done表示「讓 / 叫 / 使 / 請別人做某事」。
【考例連結】單項選擇
( )1. Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made ______ by her.
A. cry; to cry B. cried; crying C. to cry; cry
( )2. —You'd better advise him ______ anything out of the window while driving.
—I will. He has to know it's dangerous.
A. not throwing B. no throwing C. not to throw D. don't throw
( )3. To keep children away from danger, we warn parents ______ children at home alone.
A. leave B. to leave C. not leave D. not to leave
( )4. For more than once, our head teacher asks us ______ the habit of keeping a diary.
A. develop B. develops C. developing D. to develop
( )5. There was so much noise outside that the teacher couldn't make herself ______.
A. hear B. heard C. to hear D. hearing
( )6. They're going to have their house ______.
A. painted B. paint C. painting D. to paint
考點四：作目的狀語。
動詞不定式(短語)在句中可作狀語，表示目的。
【考例連結】單項選擇
( )1. We'll do what we can ______ the sick man.
A. to help B. help C. helps D. helped
( )2. —What shall we do this weekend?
—We'll drive to Dongjiang Lake ______ boating.
A. to go B. go C. going
( )3. Doctors in the town are using the books ______ their studies and treat patients.
A. continue B. to continue C. continuing D. continues
( )4. As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital ______ them up.
A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheering D. cheered
( )5. Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ______ sure we don't break anything.
A. make B. made C. to make D. making
考點五：作主語。
作主語的動詞不定式(短語)如果很短，通常位於句首；如果較長，常用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語——動詞不定式(短語)放在後面，以避免頭重腳輕。
考點六：作定語。
動詞不定式(短語)作定語時，常放在所修飾詞之後。
考點七：在某些固定詞組或句型中用不帶to的動詞不定式(短語)。如：had better do, would rather do than do, Why not do ...?, prefer to do rather than do等。
【考例連結】 單項選擇
( )1. —Mario, your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It's dangerous for us ______ it while crossing the street.
A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered
( )2. It's necessary for you ______ the classroom clean, class.
A. keep B. keeping C. to kee
( )3. Sleeping is a popular way ______ among students.
A. relax B. relaxed C. relaxing D. to relax
( )4. It is raining outside. Why not ______ an umbrella?
A. to take B. take C. taking
動詞-ing形式
考點一：作賓語。
在初中階段我們需要掌握的後面跟動詞-ing形式作賓語的單詞或短語有：
*avoid, consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practice, stop, suggest (建議) 等。
*be afraid of, be busy, be good at, be interested in, be / get used to, be worth, can't help, care about, end up, feel like, give up, have fun (in), have difficulty (in), have a good time (in), how / what about, keep on, look forward to, put off, spend time in, thanks for等。
考點二：作賓語補足語。
見下面「動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式易混點考點二」。
考點三：作主語。
【考例連結】單項選擇
( )1. Diana used to ______ to work, but now she is used to ______ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.
A. drive; walking B. drive; walk C. driving; walk D. driving; walking
( )2. The workers are busy ______ windows to the new building these days.
A. fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix
( )3. My favorite TV program is 「Readers」. I think we should spend as much time as we can ______ in our spare time.
A. read B. to read C. reading
( )4. —Jack hasn't taken his piano lessons for a long time.
—He is considering ______ his piano course and spending more time on his study.
A. to drop B. to throw C. dropping D. throwing
( )5. —Why did his father buy that phone watch for him?
—Because the GPS in the watch can help him to avoid ______ the way.
A. to lose B. lose C. loses D. losing
( )6. ______ is the best way to keep a good relationship with your parents, teachers and other people around you.
A. Active communicating B. Actively communicating
C. Actively communication D. Active communicate
動詞不定式&動詞-ing形式易混點
考點一：兩種形式都可作賓語。
有些動詞後作賓語的動詞不定式(短語)或動詞-ing形式的含義無差異，如like, love, prefer, hate, begin, start, continue, can't stand等。
有些動詞後作賓語的兩種形式含義有所不同，如：
regret to do sth. 遺憾要做某事
regret doing sth. 後悔做過某事
forget / remember to do sth. 忘記 / 記得要做某事
forget / remember doing sth. 忘記 / 記得做過某事
try to do sth. 設法做某事
try doing sth. 嘗試做某事
need to do sth. 需要做某事
need doing 需要被做
mean to do sth打算去做某事
mean doing sth. 意味著做某事
考點二：兩種形式都可作賓語補足語。
感官動詞(如see, watch, notice, feel, hear等) 後既可跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，表示動作的全過程；也可跟動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，表示動作正在進行。
【考例連結】單項選擇
( )1. —I'm sorry, Miss Green. I left my math book at home.
—It doesn't matter. Please remember ______ it here tomorrow.
A. taking B. to take C. bringing D. to bring
( )2. —The TV in your room is still on.
—Oh, I forgot ______.
A. turning it on B. turning it off C. to turn it off
( )3. I saw Tom ______ his key in the lock, turn it and open the door.
A. put B. putting C. puts D. to put
( )4. —I didn't hear you come in just now.
—That's good. I tried ______ the baby up.
A. to wake B. not to wake C. waking
動詞不定式&動詞-ing形式綜合練習
【考例連結】用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空
1. You look very tired. Why not _______(take) a rest?
2. He tried all the ways he could think of _______(protect) himself against all possible dangers.
3. My cousin is good at _______(dance).
4. —Why do you buy so many flowers, Justin?
—_______(celebrate) my mother's birthday.
5. —Bad luck! My watch doesn't work well.
—Take it easy. It just needs _______(repair).
6. Amy practices _______(play) the piano for over two hours every day.
7. We've worked for a long time; let's stop _______(have) a rest.
8. Children had fun _______(play) in Disneyland on Children's Day.
9. China Daily is worth _______(read); we can learn a lot from it.
10. If more people give up _______(drive) cars, the air will get much cleaner.
11. After finishing _______(do) your homework, you can have a good rest.
12. Many April Fool's jokes may end up _______(be) not very funny.
13. My father usually goes to work early _______(avoid) heavy traffic.
14. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to _______(take) risks.
15. I'd like to give my thanks to Alice for _______(share) her exciting experiences in Africa.
16. When I was free, I really enjoyed _______ around the town. (walk)
17. It is very important for children _______(learn) how to do chores at home.
18. Miss White often has us _____(tell) interesting stories in her English class.
19. Squirrels always like saving some food before winter comes. But they forget where _______(find) it from time to time.
20. All of us should look straight ahead and keep _______. (run)
責編 | 楊寧
審稿 | 李棟
校稿 | 呂放
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