jealousy
这个字大家应该相当熟悉了吧,是名词“嫉妒心”的意思,来看个例子:
Anthony has been whining that he should be promoted like Ashley was. Jealousy bites, I guess.
Anthony 一直吵说他也应该要像 Ashley 一样被升迁。我猜他只是嫉妒心在作祟。
那类似的表达还有 jealousy takes hold of someone,字面上是忌妒心控制了某人,意思就是“感到忌妒不已”,这也是比较生动的说法,举个例子:
I apologize for the nasty things I said to you earlier. Jealousy was taking hold of me, and I couldn’t think straight.
我为我先前说的那些恶毒的话道歉。我真的是太忌妒了,没办法好好思考。
我们也常常会看到这个字的形容词 jealous,意思就是“忌妒的”,要表示“忌妒某人或某事”时可以说 be jealous of...,来看个例子吧:
Why are you so jealous of Michael’s success? You’ve seen how hard he worked, right?
为什么你这么嫉妒 Michael 的成功?你有看到他多么努力工作吧?
grudge
这个字当动词时,意思是“忌妒、认为某人不配得到某事”,也可以写成 begrudge,用法为:grudge someone something,举个例子:
I do not grudge you your happiness. I truly believe you deserve it!
我不会忌妒你的幸福。我真心相信这是你应得的!
那么 grudge 当名词时,则是“怨恨、嫌隙”的意思,要传达长期下来对于朋友、同事的不满时,用这个字就对啦!常见的搭配有 have / hold / bear a grudge against someone 表示“对...不满、不爽、怨恨”,举个例子:
Some people just have a grudge against the whole world.
有些人就是不爽这整个世界。
I feel like Amy’s bearing a grudge against her new colleague. What a poor kid!
我觉得 Amy 好像很不爽她的新同事。可怜的孩子啊!
resent
当你极度不爽某人时,你的不爽可能会进化成“憎恨、厌恶”,这时除了用 hate 这种基础单字外,你还可以用更进阶的 resent 来表达你强烈的不满,举个例子:
Alex resents every woman who doesn’t love him back. Don’t get involved with him!
Alex 厌恶每个不爱他的女生。你最好离他远一点!
那这个字的形容词则是 resentful“感到愤恨的、厌恶的”,举个例子:
Miles felt resentful about not being employed by his dream companies.
没有被他向往的公司雇用,Miles 感到忿忿不平。
a chip on someone’s shoulder
最后我们来学一个有趣的词组,a chip on someone’s shoulder,意思是“忿忿不平、忌妒不满”,举个例子:
He's got a chip on his shoulder about not being born into a wealthy family, but what can he do about it?
他很不满自己没有生在有钱的家庭,但他又能怎么办呢?