一句話區別開used to do, be used to do和be used to doing

2020-03-29     Stone老師聊英語

例句:I used to cut fruit with the knife which is used to cut meat, so now I am used to eating fruit with the flavor of meat.

直譯:我過去常常用切肉的刀來切水果,所以現在我習慣於吃帶肉味的水果了。



解析:1.used to do sth.表示「過去常常做某事」變否定句既可以在used的前方加didn't,也可以在used後方加not.

I used to be short, but now I am tall.

我過去很矮,但是現在很高。

He used to be afraid of dark, didn't he? / usedn't he?

他過去很怕黑,不是嗎?

be used to do sth.表示「被用來做某事」,這是一個完整的被動語態形式。to do可以用介詞for來替換,be used for sth.

Knives are used to cut fruit.

刀用來切水果。

Knives are used for cutting.

刀用來切東西。

be used to doing sth.表示「習慣於做某事」,此處的to是一個介詞,介詞後一律加動詞的ing形式。

I am used to walking along the river after dinner.

我習慣於飯後沿著河邊走一走。

PS:常見的to是介詞的短語。

be accustomed to doing

devote oneself to doing

look forward to doing

pay attention to doing

prefer doing to doing



2.介詞with的用法。cut fruit with the knife.表示「用刀切水果」。with介詞短語來作方式狀語,是「使用」的意思。在with和工具之間要有限定詞;

fruit with the flavor of meat 表示「有肉味的水果」。此處的with介詞短語來作定語,意思是「帶有……的」。介詞短語作定語放在被修飾名詞的後方。

介詞知識在動詞後方作狀語,在名詞後方作定語。

Susan often goes shopping with her mother on weekends.(with作伴隨狀語)

Susan經常在周末和媽媽一起購物。

The house with a beautiful garden belongs to Mr. Smith.(with作定語)

帶有漂亮花園的房子歸屬Smith先生。



3.定語從句。先行詞knife,定語從句中缺少主語,所以要用指代物的關係代詞which。還可以用that。關係代詞作主語不可以省略,作賓語時可以省略。

The noodles that / which I cooked were delicious.(先行詞是noodles, 從句中缺少賓語,所以要用指代物的關係代詞,that或which, 還可以省略)

我做的麵條很好吃。


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