七舍合院 | 建築營設計工作室

三個庭院與游廊共造游賞之樂

七舍合院位於北京舊城核心區內，院子占地寬約15米，長約42米，是一座小型的三進四合院。由於原建築共包含七間坡屋頂房屋，且正好是該胡同的七號，故得名七舍。原始建築年代較為久遠，除了基本上還保持的木結構樑柱和局部有民國特點的拱形門洞，其它大部分屋頂、牆面、門窗等都已經破損或消失。院內遺留了大量大雜院時期的臨時建築，遍布清空之後的建築廢料，雜草叢生、一片凋零。

The renovation project is located in a huton within a core old quarter of Beijing. It’s a small Siheyuan (a typology of traditional Chinese residence) with three courtyards, with a total length and width of 15 and 42 meters. It’s named as 「Qishe」 (「Qi」 and 「she」 respectively refers to 「seven」 and 「house」 in Chinese language), because its address number in the hutong is 7 and it originally consisted of 7 pitched-roof buildings. The Siheyuan before renovation was old and dilapidated. The basic wooden beams and some arched door openings featuring the style of the Republican era were relatively well preserved, while most of the roofs, walls, doors and windows were badly damaged or disappeared. In the three courtyards, there were many temporary architectural blocks inserted many years ago. After demolishing those blocks, the yards were filled with waste of construction materials and overgrown with weeds, presenting a bleak view.

項目鳥瞰，aerial view of the project 王寧

因此，本次改造設計一方面是修復舊的——對院落房屋進行整理，保留時間疊代的印記，修復各個建築介面，加固建築結構，重現傳統建築的樣貌；另一方面是植入新的——新的生活功能配備（衛生間、廚房、車庫等），新的基礎設施（水暖電設備管線）以及新的游廊空間。新與舊相互疊合成為一個新的整體，來滿足未來院子作為公共接待和居住空間的使用要求。

As approaching the project, the design firm ARCHSTUDIO set two goals: renovating the old and inserting the new. On the one hand, the designers neatened the houses, repaired all the building surfaces, and reinforced the architectural structures, with a view to reproducing the appearance of the traditional Siheyuan. On the other hand, they brought in new living facilities such as bathroom, kitchen and garage, HVAC pipes and lines, as well as new veranda spaces. The old and new are integrated into a new whole, to better meet future functional demands of reception and living for the compound.

鳥瞰，游廊連接新舊空間，aerial view of the building with veranda spaces integrating the old and new 王寧

「游廊」一直是傳統建築中的基本要素，我們引入「游廊」作為本次改造中最為可見的附加物，將原本相互分離的七間房屋連接成為一個整體，它既是路徑通道，又重新劃分了庭院層次，並製造出觀賞與遊走的樂趣。

ARCHSTUDIO embedded a veranda — a basic element of traditional Chinese architectures, into the old Siheyuan to link up the seven separated pitched-roof houses. The veranda functions as a circulation route, reshapes the spatial pattern and layers, and provides a playful walking experience as well as fantastic views.

項目生成圖，generation diagram

一進院被定義為停車院，設計保留原建築屋頂移除牆面，並平移了主入口位置，以留出儘量寬闊的停車空地。前院之中有質量歷史遺存如門樓、拱門雕花、甚至一顆枯樹均被修復和保留，但拆除了前後院子之間的圍牆，代之以透明的游廊作為建築新的入口。游廊延續了坡屋頂的曲面形態特徵，並結合前後院景觀與功能進行相應的變化。

The front courtyard is mainly used as a garage. ARCHSTUDIO retained its pitched roof, removed the front and back walls, and shifted the entrance door to the side, so as to leave more space for parking. The design team restored and preserved many valuable historical elements such as the gateway and carvings of the arched door opening, and even a dry tree. In addition, the wall between the front and middle courtyards were dismantled and replaced by a transparent veranda.

作為停車院的一進院，the front courtyard as a garage 王寧

一進院，保留歷史遺存，the front courtyard with historical elements （上）吳清山，（下）王寧

游廊在入口出微微上揚，結合兩側的曲線屋頂構成一個圓弧景框，將建築、後院的大樹和天空納入風景之中。而另一側的游廊屋頂則向下連接成為曲面牆，在停車院之內分隔出其後的衛生間、服務間、設備間等功能空間。

The veranda features a curved plane, and presents variations according to different landscapes and spatial functions. It’s closely combined with the curved edges of the pitched roofs, hence forming several arc-shaped transparent spaces, which integrate the houses, landscape and the sky into the same picture. In the front courtyard, part of the veranda’s roof was bended downwards to form a curved wall, behind which are some functional spaces, including the washroom, service room, equipment room and so on.

微微上揚的游廊入口，形成圓弧形框景，entrance to the veranda, curved edges of the pitched roofs frame the scenery 王寧

二進院是公共活動院，結合原本建築一正兩廂三間房屋的格局，分別布置了客廳、茶室、餐廳、廚房等。室內外空間劃分依然採用對稱式布局，繼承了傳統院落的空間儀式性。設計消除了房屋之間的台階，代之以緩緩的坡道連接，並結合透明的游廊共同加強內部公共空間與院落之間的連通。處於正房的餐廳可由新的摺疊門向庭院完全開敞，保證室內活動靈活得延伸至弧形庭院之內。餐廳正中的拱門經過修復後成為進入後院的入口。

The middle courtyard is a public activity space. It previously contained three houses, one on the north, two on the sides. Based on its original layout, ARCHSTUDIO set a living room, a tea room, a dining room and a kitchen, etc. in this area. The designers adopted a symmetric spatial pattern, which inherits the sense of formality of traditional courtyard buildings. Besides, they replaced the former stairs that led to houses with gentle slopes. The slopes and the transparent veranda together enhance the connectivity between the indoor spaces and the open courtyard. The dining room has a folding door, which can open the interior to the outside space completely and extend indoor activities to the courtyard as well. At the middle of the dining room’s back wall, there is an arched door, which was restored and becomes the entrance to the back courtyard.

二進院，透明游廊加強內部公共空間與院落的連接，the middle courtyard, connection between the interior public space and the courtyard enhanced by the transparent veranda （上）王寧，（下）吳清山）

客廳，living room 吳清山

餐廳，dining room 王寧

游廊採用密肋梁和板，融入舊建築環境中，veranda space with wooden ribbed beams, blending into the old construction （左）吳清山，（右）王寧

三進院作為居住院，包括兩間臥室以及茶室、書房等空間。舊建築依然是一正兩廂的格局，院內有三棵老樹。游廊平面在這裡演變為連續曲線形態，一方面與庭院內的三棵樹產生互動，另一方面也營造出多個小尺度的弧形休閒空間。兩間臥室居於建築最後面的房屋，室內根據屋脊呈對稱式布局，兩個衛生間均與小院子比鄰，實現良好的採光和通風效果。

The back courtyard is a dwelling space, mainly consisting of two bedrooms, a tea room, and a study. Its original layout is the same as that of the middle courtyard. The veranda in this area has an undulating plane, which interacts with the three old trees that already existed in the courtyard and at the same time forms several small arc-shaped leisure spaces. The bedrooms are set at the backmost area, featuring a symmetric spatial layout based on the roof ridge. The bathroom in each bedroom is adjacent to a small yard, which ensures ample light and ventilation.

三進院入口，entrance to the back courtyard 王寧

庭院與樹互動，interaction between the tree and the courtyard 王寧

三進院書房，study in the back courtyard 王寧

三進院茶室，tea house in the back courtyard 吳清山

三進院臥室，bedroom in the back courtyard （上）吳清山，（下）王寧

設計在保持傳統建築的材料特徵基礎上適度添加新材料，注重保持時間疊代的印記，讓新與舊產生若干微差與疊合。原始建築結構整體保留，局部破損構件依然以松木材料替換。新的游廊、門窗、部分家具使用竹鋼作為新的「木」與舊木對應。游廊採用框架結構支撐上設密肋梁和板，使其儘量通透輕盈融入到舊建築環境之中。室內還結合使用功能搭配了不同舊木、原木家具，讓不同色澤與質感的木相互混合。

The material scheme of the project well combines the old and new. ARCHSTUDIO preserved the textures of traditional architectural materials whilst adding some new materials in an appropriate manner, so as to retain the marks of time, and present the contrast and fusion between the new and old. The original pine wood framework of the Siheyuan was maintained, with its damaged components replaced by the same material. The new veranda, doors, windows and some furniture utilize laminated bamboo panels (a new material that looks like wood and feels like steel), which echo with the old pine wood. The newly built veranda adopts a frame structure, with ribbed beams and panels on the ceiling, in order to maximize transparency and lightness as well as to better blend into the old construction. As for interior design, ARCHSTUDIO brought in various combinations of furniture made of old or new wood, which shows perfect mix of different hues and textures.

室內材料細部，details of the interior material 王寧

部分牆面採用玻璃磚，glass bricks used for part of the walls 王寧

傳統屋頂缺少現代防水材料，保溫性能也比較差，因此本次改造在保持原建築灰瓦屋面不變的基礎上，優化了屋面做法，改善其物理性能。新的游廊屋面則採用聚合物砂漿作為曲面面層材料，用平滑的灰面與肌理的瓦頂相對應。舊建築牆面依然以原本院內留下的舊磚為主材進行修復，讓此前大雜院拆除的建築材料得以循環利用。室內外地面也延用了這種灰磚鋪作，保持內外一體的效果。部分新牆面採用了透光的玻璃磚，但尺寸仍與舊建築灰磚一致。施工過程中意外發現的石片、瓦罐、磨盤等，完工後將其作為景觀、台階、花盆點綴於室內外；建築修復中作廢的木樑則被改造成為座椅。舊材料被賦予新的使用而不斷延續下去。

The traditional pitched roofs used no modern waterproof materials and had poor thermal insulation. Considering this, ARCHSTUDIO optimized the roof system and performance on the premise of retaining the original gray tile rooftops. As to the curved roof of the newly built veranda, the designers utilized polymer mortar as the finish, which is smooth and forms contrast with the adjacent textured tile rooftops. The old building walls were restored, by reusing the gray bricks from demolished temporary architectural blocks in the courtyards. The floor of outdoor spaces is paved with the same type of bricks, to ensure visual consistency. Some of the new walls are formed by glass bricks, which have the same size as the old gray bricks. During construction, some stone slices, crocks and a millstone were found unexpectedly, which were later reused as stairs, flowerpots and adornments. The wooden beam waste from the architectural renovation was utilized to make chairs, which gives old materials new life.

屋頂細部，平滑的灰面與原始的瓦片屋頂相對應，close view to the roof, smooth mortar roofs contrast with the original tile roofs 王寧

夜景，night view 吳清山

平面圖，plan

剖面圖，section

細部圖，details drawing

項目名稱：七舍合院
項目位置：北京
設計公司：建築營設計工作室(www.archstudio.cn)
主設計師：韓文強
項目設計師：王同輝
結構諮詢：張勇、洪雅竹元科技
機電諮詢：鄭寶偉、於妍、李東傑
照明顧問：董天華
植物顧問：張曉光
圖片編輯：王同輝、文琛涵
施工團隊：陳衛星等、洪雅竹元科技
建築面積：約500平米
設計與施工時間：2017.9—2020.1
主要材料：竹鋼、青磚、玻璃磚
攝影師：王寧、吳清山
視頻製作：王寧

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