高考英语考试中，阅读题所占分值比例较高，如果能够把握好这一题目，英语获得高分就会相对容易一些。
但从考生做题的比例来看，阅读中的七选五题型较为困难，很多考生表示：“感觉都读懂了，但是选项却没有选对。”也有的表示“选项之间的迷惑性太多，不容判断出正确的选项。”
为了让考生可以更好的应对此类题型，小天为大家整理解题12字口诀，帮助考生突破难点，获得英语高分。
走马观花，草船借箭，木已成舟
在草船借箭部分，第1部分是充分利用小标题解题，同学们有没有掌握呢？接下来我们讲草船借箭剩下的部分：
（2）充分利用提供线索的词语与内在逻辑关系
边读边做题，重点阅读设空前后的句子，从中寻找线索，根据线索顺藤摸瓜来确定答案。这是解题中最重要的一步。怎么从上下句来寻找线索呢？
A利用内在的逻辑关系
首先要读懂上下句的确切意思，然后寻找其内在的逻辑关系，可能是因果关系，也可能是并列、转折、递进关系等，通常上一句为下一句做好了铺垫。因此根据上下文的内在逻辑关系，可以推出设空处的答案。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question, “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
（2019全国II卷）
【分析】38、39题设空处均位于段中。根据38题设空处下文中的“So”可知，设空处与下文构成因果关系。再根据设空处上文可知，我们会出现不专注于工作的情况，下文提及我们应该慢下来，想想那一刻自己真正做的事是什么。结合选项，A项既是对上文的解释，又与下文构成因果关系，故选A项。根据39题设空处下文中的“also”可知，设空处与下文构成并列关系，设空处的主语应与下文中主语“They”一致。结合选项，E项中的“They”与下文主语一致且构成并列关系，故选E项。
B利用上下文中的“词语”
阅读语篇时注意观察，如果选项中有上句或下句的原词复现、同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词，其正确率成倍增加。因为上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。其次要注意代词、数字、人名、物名、地名等的指代或复现。利用这些特征词可以进一步确认答案。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do’s
37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don’ts
Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That’s what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
（2019全国III卷）
【分析】结合文章结构可知，37题设空处为段落主题句。设空处下文主要介绍了提问问题的注意事项。关键词为“questions”，结合选项，故选G项。39题设空处位于段尾。本段首句为段落主题句，由此可知本段主要讲述不要分享个人信息或故事。结合选项，C项中出现了主题句中的关键词“information”，故选C项。
C利用关联词
关联词是用来表示衔接和过渡的，它们在形成文章逻辑结构中起着举足轻重的路标作用。例如，文中出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词往往表示前后句之间的名词或句意具备同指性；而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。
下面是一些常见的关联词，可以熟记。
(a) 并列与递进关系：and, or, also, neither…nor…, either…or…, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, the same…as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, firstly, secondly…；
(b) 因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, therefore, so, so…that, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course；
(c) 转折让步关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of；
(d) 结论概括关系：therefore, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in all, finally；
(e) 例证关系：for example, such as, for instance, namely, like。
Why Do We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发）events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment of situations. 51
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 52 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 53 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
54 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative（消极的）outlooks on situations can create anger.
55 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.
A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.
B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.
C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.
E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
（2018北京卷）
【分析】54题设空处位于段首。设空处后面是两个并列关系的句子，主要描述了一些引起生气的状况。根据文章各段落的特点，可知设空处为段落主题句。由此可推测，设空处后面的句子与设空处的句子构成例证关系，概括设空处后面的两个句子。结合选项，故选A项。
D利用代词
代词在文章中起着至关重要的作用。在做七选五题目时，代词在一定程度上起到线索词的作用，常常成为正确选择选项的切入点。尤其在看不懂句子时，利用代词作为线索去寻找答案也是有效的答题策略。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 , there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
37 . Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 . It can help to eliminate（消除）future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint（暗示）that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
（2017全国II卷）
【分析】39题设空处的内容与后面的句子合起来构成一个完整的句子，表达完整的意思。根据设空处下文可知，找个借口回去工作要比将别人撵出自己的办公室容易得多，即使是在你解释了自己有多忙之后。其中“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是“to excuse yourself to get back to your work”。由此可推测，设空处应与不在自己的办公室有关。结合选项，D项意为“如果你在别人的办公室或者在公共区域的话”，符合语境，故选D项。
木已成舟
经过前两遍的阅读以后，多数空已经确定答案，可以说大局已定、木已成舟。下面要做的就是再细细琢磨一番。重新阅读原文，重点是刚才没做出或不确定的空，排除掉已被选中的答案，将剩余的答案代入不确定处，用上文说的方法依次对比，选出最佳选项。
此时切记要在所有空已填入的情况下，将全文通读一遍，看文章从内容上是否语义连贯合理，语篇结构上是否具有一致性，合乎逻辑，上下文是否衔接紧密，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切。如果所选的答案可以满足上述标准，则成功完成了此题型。
以上口诀，考生可进行多次练习，达到熟练应用的目的。
本文内容来源于：《百朗英语阅读风暴·阅读理解微技能深度训练》。
注：走马观花，草船借箭的一些内容之前已经发不过，如果同学们想要再次查看，可给小天留言。
文章来源: https://twgreatdaily.com/zh-hans/4ajlc3ABjYh_GJGVt7lh.html