人教版丨九年級英語重點語法複習:賓語從句

在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句是初中英語中最重要的一種從句,它內容完整,句型結構較為複雜,主句和從句時態搭配要求嚴格,在中考試題中頻頻出現。由於賓語從句涉及到引導詞、語序、時態等多方面的內容,所以賓語從句的用法一直是學習的重點難點。

一、賓語從句中引導詞的用法

在復合句中作主句的賓語,引導詞有:

連詞:that(that常可省略),whether, if

代詞:who,whose, what ,which

副詞:when,where, how, why等。

(一)that引導的賓語從句(在非正式場合that可以省略)

在以下情況中that不能省略

1、當句中的動詞後接多於兩個由that引導的賓語從句時,第一個that可省,但後面的that不可省。例句

He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.[

2、當主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時,that一般不可省。

例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.

3、當that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時,that不可省。

例句

I can』ttell him that his mother died.

注意事項:許多帶復合賓語的句子,that引導的賓語從句經常移到句子後部,而用it作形式賓語。

例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

(二)由whether, if引導的賓語從句

由whether(if)引導的賓語從句,實際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是「是否」。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來,在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用,但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。

例句:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.

只能用whether,不能用if引導的賓語從句

1、在帶to的不定式前

例句:We decided whether to walk there.

2、在介詞的後面

例句:I』m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.[

3、在動詞後面的賓語從句時

例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week

4、直接與or not連用時

例句:I can』t say whether or not thet can come on time.

只能用if不能用whether引導的賓語從句

5、if引導條件狀語從句,意為「如果」

例句:The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.

6、if引導否定概念的賓語從句時

例句:He asked if I didn』t come to school yesterday.

7、引導狀語從句even if(即使)和as if(好象)時

例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.

二、賓語從句的語序

賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序即:連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。例句如下:

I don』t know what they are looking for.

三、賓語從句的時態

1、主句是一般現在時,從句根據實際情況使用任何時態。

例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.

2、主句是過去時態,從句須用過去時態的某種形式。

例句:She was sorry that she hadn』t finished her work on time.

3、當賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實時,即使主句是過去時,從句也用一般現在時態。

例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.

四、賓語從句的特點

1、賓語從句可以作及物動詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語。

2、賓語從句的語序一律用陳述句語序。

3、連接詞that引導賓語從句在句中無詞義,不充當句子成分,多數情況下可以省略。

4、whether和if都可引導賓語從句,但whether後可緊跟or not;whether從句可作介詞的賓語。

5、如果從句太長,可以用形式賓語it.

五、who,what,when等引導具有特殊疑問句意義的賓語從句。

特殊疑問句作為賓語從句時,用原來的連接代詞或連接詞引導,它們在從句中充當一定成分,有具體的意義,不可省略。

Show me what you have written.

把你所寫的給我看看。

Idon』tknow whose dictionary it is.

我不知道這是誰的字典。

Could you please tell me where the post office is?

你能告訴我郵局在哪裡嗎?[

【典例分析】

What did Mike say? He said ____________________.

A. if you are free the next week

B. what colour was it

C. the weather is fine

D.summer comes after spring

【答案】D

文章來源: https://twgreatdaily.com/zh-tw/sKVG2W0BMH2_cNUg1SWD.html