Buzz Words | 熱詞放送:圈養大熊貓,差異化定價機制,教育懲戒

2019-12-01     21世紀英文報

圈養大熊貓

captive pandas

國家林草局11月12日表示,2019年共繁殖大熊貓60隻,存活57隻,全球圈養大熊貓數量達到600隻。國家林草局指出,圈養大熊貓種群數量再創新高,健康、有活力、可持續發展的圈養種群已基本形成。以此為基礎,大熊貓野化放歸研究工作也正穩步開展。

Sixty panda cubs have been born in captivity this year, of which 57 survived. This brings the worldwide captive panda population to 600, said China’s National Forestry and Grassland Administration. On Nov 12, the administration said, 「A healthy, dynamic and sustainable captive panda population has taken shape.」 It also said research on wild pandas is making progress.

馬上學:Captive原指「被囚禁的,受控制的」,當與動物搭配時,多指「圈養的」。表示前者時,近義詞為imprisoned, enclosed。另外captive也可引申為「被迷住的」。

差異化定價機制

a flexible multi-tier pricing system

據中國日報網報道,從12月1日起,國內高鐵票價將迎來新一輪優化調整,將根據不同季節、不同時段、不同席別、不同區段實行靈活的差異化定價機制。根據票麵價格,最高折扣達到5.5折。此次票價優化調整涉及400多趟列車。明年更多高鐵線路將採用靈活定價機制。

Starting Dec 1, China’s high-speed trains switched to a flexible, multi-tier pricing system. Prices will now change depending on season, time period, ticket class and operating region, according to China Daily. The published ticket price may be discounted as much as 45 percent. This price adjustment involves more than 400 train services. It’s planned to extend to more trains next year.

馬上學:Flexible表示「靈活的,可調整的」,flexible working hours(彈性工作時間),a flexible mind(靈活的思維)。tier表示「層,級」,first-tier city(一線城市)。

教育懲戒

school discipline

為保障和規範教師依法履行教育、管理學生的職責,維護師道尊嚴,促進學生全面發展、健康成長,教育部近日對外發布《中小學教師實施教育懲戒規則(徵求意見稿)》,公眾可於2019年12月22日前提出反饋意見。該規則禁止教師以擊打、刺扎等方式,實施直接造成身體痛苦的體罰行為,以及辱罵或者以帶有歧視、侮辱的言行貶損等侵犯學生人格尊嚴的行為。

The Ministry of Education published draft regulations on the ways primary and middle school teachers can discipline students last Friday and invited members of the public to give their opinions about them. The regulation prohibits punishments that directly cause physical pain to students, such as hitting and poking with sharp objects, and punishments that violate students' dignity, such as insults and discriminatory or insulting words and acts.

本規則所稱教育懲戒(school discipline),是指教師和學校在教育教學過程和管理中基於教育目的與需要,對違規違紀、言行失范的學生進行制止、管束或者以特定方式予以糾正(to stop, discipline or correct in certain way the students whose behavior is inappropriate or breaks rules and regulations),使學生引以為戒,認識和改正錯誤的職務行為。

同時,規則中列舉出一般懲戒、較重懲戒、嚴重懲戒和強制措施等懲戒行為。

一般懲戒:教師在課堂教學、日常管理中,根據學生違規違紀情形,可以採取以下方式當場進行教育懲戒:

較重懲戒:學生違反校規校紀,情節較重或者經現場教育懲戒拒不改正的,教師經學校德育工作負責人同意,可以實施以下教育懲戒措施,並應當通知家長:

嚴重懲戒:學生違規違紀、行為失范,屢教不改的,或者嚴重影響教育教學秩序的,或者有欺凌同學、辱罵毆打教師等惡劣情節的,教師應當提請學校採取以下措施進行教育懲戒:

綜合來源:中國日報雙語新聞,央視新聞,新華網

文章來源: https://twgreatdaily.com/zh-tw/1DD3w24BMH2_cNUgFV2r.html