一個人要工作,除了因為自己的興趣和愛好以外,最主要的是能夠通過自己的勞動獲取到相應的報酬,而這個報酬,既是我們勞動價值的體現,也是我們生活的必需。那麼,在英語中,怎樣來表達各種各樣的收入呢?
(1)income /ˈɪnkʌm; ˈɪnkəm/: n. 收入,收益,所得。如:
What is your yearly income? 你的年收入是多少?(不可數名詞)
Tourism is a major source of income for the area. 旅遊業是這個地區的主要收入來源。(可數名詞)
(2)earnings /ˈɜːnɪŋz/: n. (複數)收入;利潤。如:
Her net earnings last year were £35,000. 他去年的純收入是35000英鎊。
The company's earnings have dropped by 5% in the first quarter.公司的利潤在第一季度下降了5%。
(3)pay /peɪ/: n.(不可數)資;薪水。如:
Her job is hard work, but the pay is good. 她工作雖辛苦,但薪水不低。
Do you get overtime pay? 你們有加班費嗎?
(4)wage /weɪdʒ/: n. 周薪,一周的工資(也說wages)。如:
His wages have gone up. 他的周薪漲了。
Wages are paid on Fridays. 每星期五發工資。
領到薪水
(5)salary /ˈsæləri/: n. 工資,月薪。如:
She's on a salary of £8000. 她的月薪是8000英鎊。
The company pays good /poor salaries.那家公司待遇好(差)
(6)subsidy /ˈsʌbsədi/: n. (可數及不可數)津貼,補助金。如:
agricultural subsidies 農業補貼
health subsidies 保健補助金
personal subsidies 個人津貼
public subsidy 公家[政府]補助
temporary subsidy 臨時補助費
(7)allowance /əˈlaʊəns/: n. (可數)補貼;零用錢。如:
His father gives him a monthly allowance of £200.他爸爸每月給他200英鎊的零用錢。
Do you get an allowance for clothing? 你有服裝補貼嗎?
(8)grant /ɡrɑːnt/: n. (可數)助學金,獎學金。如:
He has been awarded a research grant. 他得到一筆研究經費。
a grant for medical research 醫學研究的獎助金
a Government grant to universities 政府給予大學的補助金
獎學金
獎學金
(9)pension /'penʃ(ə)n/: n. 養老金,退休金; 撫恤金。如:
At what age can you start drawing your pension ?你們什麼年齡開始領退休金?
The old man live on a pension 靠退休金生活
(10)bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/: n. 獎金。如:
He was awarded a cash bonus of £2000.他獲得了2000英鎊的現金獎勵。
Each worker receives an annual bonus. 每個工人都會有一筆年終獎。
(11)money /ˈmʌni/: n. 錢。如:
The money is much better in my new job. 我的新工作薪水高多了。
How much money is there in my account? 我的帳上有多少錢?
(12)cash /kæʃ/: n. (不可數)現金;資金。如:
How much cash do you have on you? 你身上帶著多少現金?
I'm short of cash right now. 我眼下正缺錢。
(13)profit /ˈprɒfɪt/: n. 利潤;收益;贏利。如:
Our daily profit is usually around $500.我們每天的利潤大約是500美元。
Profit from exports rose 7.3%. 出口利潤增長了7.3%。