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英语罐头
本文是我的第31篇双语精读
新冠疫情的出现，不仅让年前的我们猝不及防，同时也让近端时间疫情爆发的国外猝不及防。对于今年要举办奥运会，且早已投入不可挽回的巨额成本的日本来说，这次的疫情确实让他们非常头疼。
已经投入的钱不能拿回来，因此对于日本来说，非常期待奥运能如期进行，然而处于疫情高峰期来看，若有一点闪失，大规模的恶性传染时间或许不可避免，可谓进退两难。
CNN近日采访了日本的日本奥林匹克大臣桥本圣子，并对日本奥利匹克运动会的相关经济情况，作了一篇详细报道。
报道从奥运的经济成本开始说起：
2020年东京奥运的经济成本
Canceling the Games would be unprecedented in peacetime.
在正常情况下，是不会出现取消奥运会这种事情的。
The cost of hosting, organizers said in December, was some 1.35 trillion yen ($12.35 billion) but, according to Reuters, that figure did not include the cost of moving the marathon and walking events from Tokyo to Sapporo to avoid the summer heat.
就在上一年的12月份，奥运组织者表示，这次赛事的举办大概花费了1.35万亿日元（120.35亿美元，大概860亿元人民币）。然而，根据路透社之前的报道表示，这个数据仍未包含由于夏天炎热，而将马拉松以及竞走比赛迁移到札幌的成本费用。
According to Reuters, Japan's Board of Audit put government spending on the Games between 2013 and 2018 at 1.06 trillion yen ($9.81billion). Sponsors, insurers and broadcasters have also committed billions to the Games.Professor Matheson believes the truer sum is likely to be $25 billion, a vast majority of which has already been spent on large-scale infrastructure projects such as transportation networks, hotels and new venues.
根据路透社报道，日本审计委员会在2013至2018年期间，促使政府在奥运筹备上花费了1.06万亿日元（98.1亿美元）。而相应的，赞助商，保险公司以及协会也同样为赛事承诺了十亿级的美金。马瑟森教授表示，最正确的成本统计大概在250亿美元左右（，大约1.7千亿人民币），庞大的开销早已被花费在大型的基建设施项目，例如说交通网络设施，酒店以及新的体育场馆中。
"Whether the Games go on or not, most of this investment is a sunk cost at this point," Professor Matheson said."If you were to cancel the Olympics, you would be able to avoid some of the costs, such as billion dollars of security, if Tokyo's security costs were similar to London, but the biggest cost is all of the infrastructure and most of that spending has already taken place."
“不管赛事是否如期进行，在这个时间点上，大部分的收入早已变成沉没陈本”，马瑟森教授表示。“假如奥运会被取消，日本将有可能避免一些额外的开销，按照伦敦奥运会在安保花费上来看，日本也是如此的话，将会节省亿级的成本。然而，像基础建设以及其他的庞大投资早已花出去了。”
假如2020年东京奥运被取消，谁将会是最大的受害者？
Professor Matheson points to the IOC and the local organizing committee as being among the biggest losers in the event of cancellation, though both organizations will be insured."This isn't Delta Airlines, where we cancel a bunch of flights but once we solve the problem things are back to normal," he said, describing the Olympics as "totally non-diversified."
马瑟森教授指出，即使相关的组织都会被担保，但国际奥委会（IOC）以及地方组织委员会将会是这赛事取消中最大的受害者。“这并不是达美航空，即使被取消掉一大堆的航班，只要问题一旦解决，就能回到日常运营，”他讲奥运称为“非分散型投资（只能把鸡蛋放进一个篮子）”。
Another big loser would be Tokyo's hospitality industry.
另一个受害者将会是东京的服务行业。
"If we look at other host cities, the total number of international tourists was likely to increase by 100,000 visitors and those visitors were paying much higher room rental rates than the people they would have been replacing," said Matheson."That's potentially at least hundreds of millions of dollars, if not billions, in lost revenue for the hospitality industry and that's probably not insurable."
“假如我们将目光转向其他的东道主城市，大约统计来看，将会增加大约10万的国际旅客，而这些会支付高昂旅店费用的旅客将会消失，”马瑟森教授表示。“这潜在的收入至少有数亿美元，即使达不到十亿，服务业因此而损失的财务收入与其本身行业都讲不会得到担保。”
And then there are the sponsors, Matheson adds: "If the Games don't go on at all, there are $3 billion worth of sponsorships that have been purchased and it's hard to know where that money goes if the Games don't all go on."That is a loss to someone, that's either a loss to broadcasters or it's a loss to the IOC, because they don't get the revenue from the contract, or it's a loss to an insurer.
另一方面，对于众多的赞助商来说，马瑟森补充到“假如赛事不能静心，已有的30亿美元赞助早已被花销出去，而对应的，这成本也会荡然无存。“这对于个人来说会是一种损失，甚至对于体育协会或者国际奥委会来说都是一种损失，因为他们因此失去了赛事所带来的财务收入。”
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