Trade UAVs with rice——“Made-in-China” farm produce

文：一带一路报道记者 彭纳

随着农业现代化建设步伐加快，我国农业已进入品牌时代。图为第七届四川农博会展馆

千年前，西行的商队驮着中国的茶叶、丝绸以及瓷器，迈入西方世界；而东渡的客商又将大宗的香料、农产品、葡萄酒等带入中国寻常百姓家。一来一往之中，彼此文化相互交融，而其产生的影响悠久绵长。
Athousand years ago, westbound trade caravans carried Chinese tea leaves, silk and porcelain to the Western World; meanwhile, eastward travelling merchants brought spice, farm produce and wine in bulk to ordinary Chinese households. By virtue of trade contacts, different cultures melted with each other and exerted far-reaching impacts.

从彼时至今，中国对外农业贸易的步伐从未间断，但贸易的方式早已从过去单纯的产品出口升级为品牌的“出海”，这种由量到质的变化在“一带一路”建设的催动下，愈加明显。

Since then, China has engaged in agricultural trade with other countries. Yet in modern times, the mode of trade has shifted from purely product export into the going-global of brands. Such a transformation is becoming more evident in the drive of the Belt and Road.

飞出国门的农用无人机
Agricultural UAVs fly abroad

9月，第七届四川农业合作发展大会暨农博会（以下简称“农博会”）在成都成功举办，众多颇具影响力的企业亮相展会，除了大家熟悉的传统农业品牌外，那些注入了科技元素的附加产品以及创新科技新品牌，成为了农博会上的“宠儿”，“老牌”+“新品”，共同将中国农业品牌的内涵扩大。

In September, the Seventh Sichuan Agricultural Expo (“SAE”) was held in Chengdu, which brought together a host of influential enterprises. Besides renowned traditional agricultural brands, there were also products with technology elements and brands featuring innovative technologies, wowing the audience and enhancing the connotation of China’s agricultural brands.

随着中国的发展，越来越多农产品走出国门

德阳展区中，大大小小、形态各异的无人机前围着许多看“稀奇”的参观者，这些摆在展区的无人机与我们常见的无人机看似相像，但机身下繁复的装置却表明了它们的特别。“我们无人机的主要功能是施肥、打药。”刚刚跟一名有意向的合作者谈完，四川省玉珑天子科技有限公司董事长张智立马向记者介绍起了自家的“宝贝”。

In Deyang exhibition zone, UAVs(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) of varied sizes and shapes attracted hordes of curious visitors. Though looked similar with ordinary ones, those special UAVs are equipped with sophisticated devices. “Our UAVs are mainly used to apply fertilizer and spray insecticide.” Just finishing his talking with a partner with cooperation intention, Zhang Zhi, Chairman of Sichuan Yulong Tianzi Technology Co., Ltd., lost no time to give the reporter an introduction of their “treasured products”.

众所周知，四川的地形地貌复杂，地块小、山坡多，这种情况下，给农作物精准施药得不到保障，为了解决这个问题，张智一头扎进了无人机的科技研发中。“经过八年研究，现在我们开发的四旋翼和多旋翼无人机在施药上已经做到非常精准了。”一台小小的飞机，如何做到精准施药？张智指了指飞机的螺旋桨，“这些螺旋桨可不只是飞行用的，当无人机飞抵需要施药的植物上方时，强大的动力能够将植物叶面吹翻，这样，雾状的药物就能落到作物的正反两面，而且因为药物是雾状的，不会流到土壤里，对土壤也不会产生危害。”

As we know, Sichuan is a province with complex terrain, small plots, and many slopes, making precision insecticide spraying impossible. To address the problem, Zhang Zhi plunged himself into the research and development of UAV. “Thanks to eight years of research, our quadrotor and multi-rotor UAVs can realize targeted insecticide spraying.” How does the small UAV make such a stunt? Zhang Zhi pointed to the propellers of the UAV, “Those propellers are not only used for fly. When a UAV flies above plants, its strong power can blow over leaves of plants. In this way, vaporous insecticide can reach to both sides of a leaf. The vaporous insecticide cannot flow to soil and generate no harm to soil.”

不仅如此，因为无人机本身受限小的特征，无论地块大小都不会影响其作业；另外，面对大量的丘陵地带，无人机也能够根据植物高低自动调整施药高度。说起无人机的工作效率，张智给记者算了一笔账，“按传统人工喷雾的方式计算，一亩地需要3桶水（54kg-72kg），一人一天最多只能施药3亩。而无人机也是一个人操作，但每天能给300亩地施药。”这就是说，无人机的工作效率相当于100人作业。效率提高了，成本却降低了，而最初农民担心的打药不精准、航线重复、操作不易等问题，在公司科研人员的研发下一一得到解决，正因如此，这些小小的飞机已经飞出了四川省，飞向了世界。

Moreover, facing few limitations, UAVs can operate on plots of all sizes. Besides, even on hilly land, a UAV can adjust heights automatically according to the heights of plants in insecticide spraying. Talking about the efficiency of UAV, Zhang Zhi immediately made a calculation, “Using traditional manual spraying, one mu of land requires three buckets of water(54-72kg) of water, and a person can spray insecticide for at most three mu of land in one day. One person is enough to operate a UAV, but can spray insecticide for 300 mu of land.” That is to say, the efficiency of a UAV is equal to that of 100 persons. High efficiency brings lower costs. Other problems facing farmers, such as imprecise insecticide spraying, repeated flying routes, and inconvenience in operation, have been solved by R&D personnel of the company. That is why the small UAVs can fly out of Sichuan and even abroad.

以科技见长的日本，在看到“四川智造”的无人机后，专门来到德阳“取经”，这让张智骄傲无比：“日本无人机技术也很强，但始终没能解决飞行动力问题，我们的无人机是电动的，但日本至今都需要烧油。”作为一支将科技创新进行到底的品牌，玉珑天子的魅力在“一带一路”沿线国家影响力也颇大，“我们的产品在东南亚非常有市场，老挝为了购买我们的产品，甚至提出用大米换购的方案。”在大米与无人机的换购中，另一个中国知名品牌起到了不可或缺的作用。

Hearing about the intelligent “intelligent-made-in-Sichuan” UAVs, tech-savvy Japanese came to Deyang to learn experience, a source of pride for Zhang Zhi. “Though Japan is strong in UAV technology, they have never solved the problem of power. Our UAVs are electric, while Japanese ones are fuel-powered.” As a brand dedicated to technology innovation,Yulong Tianzi UAV is also an appeal among countries along the Belt and Road. “Our products are highly marketable in Southeast Asia. Laos even proposed to trade our UAVs with rice.” Between rice and UAV, another famous Chinese brand has played an essential role.

站上世界农业贸易的舞台
Launching itself onto the global stage of agricultural trade

中粮集团有限公司（以下简称“中粮集团”）是“走出去”农业企业中的先行者，早在20世纪90年代，为了适应市场的变化，中粮集团便开启了产业化之路，在这二十多年里，中粮集团自身品牌的价值和影响力都在不断扩大，正是基于此，其海外布局已不仅仅局限于农业产品的进出口，更是利用自身品牌的效应，带动各国农业产品甚至农业品牌的互利交往，“四川造”无人机也正是因此飞到了老挝的田间地头。

China National Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Corporation (COFCO) has been a pioneer among agricultural enterprises in establishing overseas presence. Early in 1990s, COFCO embarked on a road of industrialization, seeking to adapt to market changes. Over the 20-plus years, COFCO has gained in both the value and influence of its brand. As such, its overseas operations are no longer limited to import and export of farm produce. Moreover, it has tapped into its brand effects to boost mutually beneficial exchanges among farm produce and even agricultural brands of different countries. In this way, “Made-in-Sichuan” UAVs have flied to the farmland of Laos.

“当初，老挝政府将大米换给中粮集团，中粮集团购买我们的无人机再置换给老挝。”中粮集团的换购计划并不是心血来潮，大米是东南亚“一带一路”国家重要的农产品和贸易产品，中粮集团近几年陆续从泰国、柬埔寨、老挝等国家进口优质米，用以调剂中国大米的品种结构，满足消费者的差异化需求。数据显示，自2014年以来，中粮集团共从柬埔寨进口70万吨大米，占柬埔寨大米出口总量的近四成，为柬稻农开辟了周边市场。

“At the beginning, the Lao government traded with COFCO with rice, and then COFCO purchased our UAVs and gave them to Laos.” The swap plan of COFCO was not a spur-of-the-moment thing. Rice is a key agricultural and trade product in Southeast Asia. In recent years, COFCO has imported premium long-shaped rice from Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and other countries to adjust the variety mix of rice in China, and meet the diversified needs of consumers. Data shows that since the beginning of 2014, COFCO has imported 700 thousand tons of rice from Cambodia, accounting for nearly 40% of the country’s total export and thus expanding market in a neighboring country for rice farmers in Cambodia.

再看北边的哈萨克斯坦，其小麦品质好、产量高，但因其是内陆国家，优质小麦走出国门并不容易。自2008年开始，中粮集团便助力哈萨克斯坦的小麦出口贸易，2017年3月28日，中粮集团首次以散粮集装箱方式进口的2200吨哈萨克斯坦小麦，打开了其在中国的市场。

Take a look at China’s north neighbor Kazakhstan, a country boasts quality and high-yield wheat. However, it is not easy for wheat to go global from the landlocked country. Since the beginning of 2008, COFCO has helped Kazakhstan in wheat export. On March 28, 2017, COFCO imported the first 2,200 tons of Kazakhstan wheat in the form of bulk container, opening Chinese market for the product.

拥有“欧洲粮仓”美誉的乌克兰是近几年中粮集团“一带一路”贸易的重要合作伙伴。中粮集团成功将乌克兰的玉米、小麦、大麦等粮食作物出口至北非、东南亚及欧洲，并在当地投资兴建葵花籽加工厂，成为乌克兰第二大植物油出口商。其在乌克兰投资建设的DSSC码头，是乌克兰最先进的农产品中转设施，其已成为周边国家粮食物流体系的重要支点。

Billed as “European granary”, Ukraine has been a key partner of COFCO in trade along the Belt and Road in recent years. COFCO has successfully shipped corn, wheat, barley and other cereals from Ukraine to North Africa, Southeast Asia, and Europe. The company has also built sunflower seed processing plant to become the second largest plant oil exporter in Ukraine. The COFCO-built DSSC wharf is the most advanced transit facility for farm produce in Ukraine, serving as a key pivot for grain logistics system of surrounding countries.

4月25日-26日，中粮集团党组书记、董事长吕军应邀出席第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛。中粮集团旗下蒙牛乳业作为唯一签约乳企，在“一带一路”企业家大会上与中国·印尼经贸合作区有限公司签署建设印尼乳品工厂合作协议，达成深度合作。作为中国企业在东南亚布局的首个乳制品生产基地，蒙牛乳业印尼工厂总投资超过3亿元，设计日产能260吨。工厂将采用国际领先的生产技术与质量管理体系，实现本地生产、本地销售，向整个东南亚市场提供高品质的乳品。未来五年，预计为当地提供1000余个就业机会。

On April 25-26, Lyu Jun, Party Secretary and Chairman of COFCO, was present at the opening ceremony of the 2nd Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. At the Belt and Road Entrepreneurs Conference, Mengniu Dairy of COFCO signed a cooperation agreement with China-Indonesia Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone (KITIC) Co., Ltd. to build dairy factory in Indonesia. As the first dairy production base in Southeast Asia built by a Chinese enterprise, the Indonesian dairy factory entails a total investment of over RMB 300 million, with a designed daily output of 260 tons. The factory will feature local production and local sales, and use cutting-edge production technologies and quality management system to offer quality dairy products to the whole Southeast Asian market. It is estimated that the factory will produce over 1,000 local jobs in the coming five years.

在“走出去”的过程中，在国际贸易平台搭建中，中粮集团收获的不仅是贸易上的增量，也将中国品牌的影响力带到了世界农业贸易的舞台上。

In the process of going global and in the building of international trade platform, COFCO has realized increase in trade volume and also brought Chinese brands to the global stage of agricultural trade.

打造农业“金字招牌”
Shaping famed agricultural brands

随着农业现代化建设步伐加快，我国农业已进入品牌时代。品牌意味着声望，意味着美誉度，对于农业发展意义重大。2019年农业农村部一号文件强调，要“绿色化、优质化、特色化、品牌化”发展，要大力推进农产品区域公用品牌、企业品牌、农产品品牌建设，打造高品质、有口碑的农业“金字招牌”。

As agricultural modernization gathers pace, China’s agriculture has entered an era of brands. Brand means reputation and is significant to agricultural development. The No.1 Document of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2019 stressed that efforts should be made to pursue “green, quality, featured, and brand-oriented” development, and shape regional public brands for farm produce, corporate brands, and farm produce brands, aiming to build famed agricultural brands with assured quality and fine reputation.

原农业部党组成员、中国农产品市场协会会长张玉香道出了打造农业品牌的重要性，“品牌经济是以品牌为核心整合经济要素、带动经济发展的高级经济形态，也是现代农业发展水平的重要标志。实施乡村振兴战略、推动农业转型升级、满足人民美好生活需要，发挥品牌引领作用十分重要。随着我国农业品牌化战略的深入实施，农业品牌建设已经进入规范化成长的关键时期，迎来了最好的发展时机。”

Zhang Yuxiang, a former member of the leading Party group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Chairman of Chinese Agri-produce Marketing Association, also pointed out the importance of brand building, “Brand economy represents a high-level economic form using brands as a core to integrate economic elements and drive economic development. It is also an important hallmark of modern agricultural development. The leading role of brands is essential for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy, agricultural transformation and upgrading, and for the objective of meeting people’s demands for a better life. With the further implementation of China’s agricultural branding strategy, agricultural brand building has entered a crucial period of regulated growth and embraced the most exciting development opportunities.”

推动中国农产品“走出去”，打造中国的农产品品牌，是我国农业发展的目标之一，在“一带一路”推进过程中，无疑会为这个目标提供新的机遇与挑战。

Pushing China’s farm produce to go global and building China’s farm produce brands has always been one of the objectives of China’s agricultural development. The Belt and Road development will surely bring new opportunities and challenges as we seek to realize such an objective.

“‘一带一路’倡议将有力促进区域及全球农业资源共享，为农业经济发展提供新空间；将有力促进要素有序流动和市场深度融合，为全球农业贸易提供新契机；将有力促进各国区域特色农业资源挖掘，为做强优势产业提供新机会；还将有力促进农产品供需对接，为塑造农业品牌形象提供新平台。”曾任中国优质农产品开发服务协会会长的朱保成指出了“一带一路”倡议将为品牌建设提供的机遇。农业品牌化的过程，其实就是实现区域化布局、专业化生产、规模化种养、标准化控制、产业化经营的过程。“一带一路”建设，将有力推动农业供给侧结构性改革，建立一套完善的符合市场规律、创造品牌价值的标准体系、认证及产品质量追溯体系，推进绿色、优质、品牌农业发展和一二三产业发展相融合，这必将提升中国农业品牌的国际形象和影响力。

The Belt and Road Initiative will boost regional and global agricultural resources sharing, and offer new space for agricultural economy; it will promote orderly flow of elements and deeper market integration, and provide new opportunities for global agricultural trade; it will help identifying regional featured agricultural resources in each country and offer new opportunities for the efforts of growing industries with competitive edges; it will facilitate supply-demand matchmaking of farm produce, and provide new platforms for the efforts of shaping agricultural brands. Zhu Baocheng, former Chairman of China Good Agri-products Development & Service Association, noted that as the BRI offers opportunities for agricultural brand building. The process of agricultural branding is actually a process of regional layout, professional production, scaled planting and raising, standard control, and industrial operation. The Belt and Road building will promote the structural reform of agricultural supply side, and establish a complete standard system that meets market laws and creates brand value, and certification and product quality traceability system, and boost green, quality, and brand-oriented agricultural development, and the integration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industry, and further enhance the global image and influence of China’s agricultural brands.

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编辑：向雯

审核：彭纳

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