文：《一带一路报道》记者 向雯

仲夏时节，又一个收获季。在距离哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图州80公里的图尔根村，中国-哈萨克斯坦农业创新园（以下简称“中哈园”）里金黄色的麦浪随风轻舞，饱满的麦粒丰收在望，一派喜人的景色。对于这批来自中国杨凌的小麦良种，哈方农技师赞不绝口，而对于“扎根”这里四年多的杨凌农技师杜双社来说，既自豪又感慨。

As summer reigns supreme, another harvest season is well underway. In Turgen, a village 80 kilometers away from Almaty, Kazakhstan, is located China-Kazakhstan Modern Agriculture Innovation Park (“the park” for short). Here, when wind blows over that golden expanse, one ripple after another would be created like golden waves. Seeing this pleasing scene, one just cannot help expecting a bumper harvest. At the mention of this batch of fine wheat varieties from Yangling, China, Kazakh agricultural technicians were full of praise. But for Du Shuangshe, an agricultural technician from Yangling who has been “rooted” here for more than four years, the feelings were far more than pride.

“一带一路”上的“杨凌智慧”
“Yangling wisdom” in B&R countries

2015年5月，陕西省杨凌农业高新技术产业示范区（以下简称“杨凌示范区”）和哈萨克斯坦国际一体化基金会签署协议，决定共同开发建设占地3000亩的中哈园。双方就开展优良品种、节水灌溉、经济林果、农资农机等领域新产品的试验、推广和经营达成一致。作为一名有着20多年经验的农业技术能手，2016年6月，杜双社被派往中哈园开展农作物种植技术指导。

In May 2015, Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone of Shaanxi Province (“the demonstration zone” for short) signed an agreement with International Fund Integration of Kazakhstan to build the 3,000-mu modern agriculture innovation park in Turgen. The two sides reached consensus on the testing, promotion and operation of new products in the fields of fine varieties, water-saving irrigation, economic forests and fruits, agricultural materials and machinery. As an agricultural technician with more than 20 years of experience, Du was sent to the park in June 2016 to provide technical guidance on crop cultivation.

中国-哈萨克斯坦农业创新园

初到哈国的艰辛不言而喻。语言不通、生活不便难不倒这个黝黑的西北汉子，每天为当地农民指导农业技术是他的“必修课”。今年6月，随着三座日光温室在图尔根村拔地而起，杜双社更忙了。

Needless to say, Du was faced with many a hardship when he first arrived in Kazakhstan. But despite language barriers and difficult living conditions, Du, a tough guy from China’s northwest, still provided guidance on agricultural technologies for local farmers every day. And since June this year, Du became even busier as three solar greenhouses were completed in Turgen.

“三座温室大棚建成了，接下来就是引种黄瓜、西红柿等蔬菜。”杜双社谈到，“在中国，大棚种植蔬菜技术已经很成熟，我们把蔬菜大棚技术‘拿’过来，帮助当地人学会控制温度、湿度，也能让这里的蔬菜品种丰富起来。”

“Following the completion of the three greenhouses, next we will start introducing vegetables like cucumbers and tomatoes.” Du said, “In China, the greenhouse vegetable farming technology is very mature. Therefore, we bring this technology here to teach local farmers how to control temperature and humidity, thereby helping diversify local vegetable varieties.”

在陕西杨凌农科集团有限公司副总经理、中哈园中方负责人崔卫军看来，哈萨克斯坦有着优越的自然禀赋而且地广人稀，最适合发展农业，而制约哈国农业发展的短板就是科技二字。“而这恰好是我们的长处。”崔卫军说。

According to Cui Weijun, deputy general manager of Shaanxi Yangling Agricultural Technology Group Co., Ltd. and head of the Chinese side of China-Kazakhstan Modern Agriculture Innovation Park, superior natural endowments, vast territory and a small population make Kazakhstan a perfect place to develop agriculture, but lack of technology remains the biggest weakness hindering this effort. “Well, technology is right our strength.” Cui added.

于是，一支由西北农林科技大学专家、职业农民、农业园区开发人员组成的团队来到了这里。如今，四年过去，中哈园里来自陕西杨凌的试验小麦、玉米、大豆、油菜、蔬菜、苗木达到了6大类45个品种，累计种植面积1467亩，交出了一份漂亮的成绩单。

Therefore, a team made up by experts from Northwest A&F University, professional farmers and agricultural development personnel of the park came here. Four years now, a total of 45 varieties in 6 categories including wheat, corn, soybean, rape, vegetables and seedlings from Yangling, Shaanxi Province have been tested in the park, with the planting area reaching 1,467 mu. That’s quite an impressive achievement.

除了哈萨克斯坦，这几年，杨凌示范区依托先进的农业技术和经验，频频与“一带一路”沿线国家“联姻”。在吉尔吉斯斯坦建设农业科技示范园、在塔吉克斯坦建设现代农业设施展示园、在荷兰建设农业科技产业园、在澳大利亚建设畜牧产业园……农业科技的“同频共振”形成了越来越多的“双赢”“多赢”局面。

Apart from Kazakhstan, over the past a few years, Yangling demonstration zone has established cooperative ties with other countries along the Belt and Road by virtue of its advanced technologies and experience in agriculture. To name a few, it built a modern agriculture technology demonstration zone in Kyrgyzstan, a modern agricultural facilities demonstration park in Tajikistan, an agriculture technology industrial park in the Netherlands, and an animal husbandry industrial park in Australia. Cooperation in agricultural technologies has made happen more and more win-win scenarios.

在莫桑比克加扎省赛赛市，西丽斯特提起现在的生活一脸喜悦：“以前，我们的主食是木薯和玉米。现在，我们自己种水稻，也喜欢上了吃大米。” 西丽斯特只是一位普通的农村妇女，如今，他们一家不仅丰富了主食结构，还盖了房、买了车、有了积蓄。

In Cidade de Xai-Xai, a city in Gaza Province, Mozambique, Celeste said with joy when being asked about her current life, “In the past, our staple foods were cassava and corn. Now, we grow rice ourselves and we like rice.” Celeste is a local ordinary rural woman. Now, her family has built new houses, bought cars and also starts to have some savings, not to mention more choices for staple foods.

这巨大的变化正源自杨凌专家带来的“礼物”。除了先进适用的农业技术，中国专家还带来了“中国企业+农户”的水稻种植新模式：中国企业莫桑比克万宝农场与当地的种植户签订协议，为他们提供生产资料、农机、技术等服务，农户则负责日常管理；稻谷收获后，万宝农场按市场价格收购。

This great change is due to the “gift” brought by Yangling’s experts. In addition to advanced and applicable agricultural technologies, Chinese experts have also brought a new rice planting model of “Chinese enterprises + peasant households”. Under this model, Chinese-funded Wanbao Mozambique rice farm will sign an agreement with local growers to provide them with services such as means of production, agricultural machinery and technologies; peasant households will be responsible for daily management; after harvest, the farm will purchase rice at the market price.

“以前，这里的水稻亩产量也就200公斤，通过技术指导，签约农户的水稻亩产量普遍超过400公斤。”万宝农场总经理胡计高说，越来越多的农民争相签订合同种植水稻。

“In the past, the per mu yield of rice here was 200 kilograms. With the help of the technical guidance, however, the per mu yield of most contracted farmers exceeds 400 kilograms.” Hu Jigao, general manager of Wanbao Mozambique rice farm, said that more and more farmers are willing to sign contracts to grow rice.

杨凌示范区国际合作局副局长马静表示，“一带一路”倡议为杨凌打开了一扇大门，无论是“走出去”还是“引进来”，都前景可期。

Ma Jing, deputy director of the international cooperation bureau of Yangling demonstration zone, said that the Belt and Road Initiative has opened a door for Yangling, bringing Yangling huge prospects in both “going global” and “bringing in”.

打造国际合作的大平台
Build a big platform for international cooperation

作为首个国家级农业高新技术产业示范区和唯一一个以现代农业为特色的自贸区，杨凌利用双重叠加优势，不断加大协同创新力度，聚集科技创新人才，构建完备创新体系。如今，杨凌已从关中腹地的一个农业小镇成长为海内外颇具影响力的“农科新城”。

Yangling is the first national-level agricultural high-tech demonstration zone and the only free trade zone characterized by modern agriculture in China. By relying on the two advantages, it has made constant efforts to strengthen collaborative innovation, attract hi-tech innovation talent and build a complete innovation system. Now, Yangling has grown from a small agricultural town in the hinterland of Guanzhong plain to a “new agricultural town” with clout both at home and abroad.

成立22年来，杨凌示范区累计获省部级以上科技奖励411项，审定动植物新品种677个，近5年新增科技成果和专利申报5000余件……如何把农业科技成果转化为产业价值，助力企业、项目“走出去”融入“一带一路”建设，是杨凌示范区近些年关注最多的问题，而对此，它显然已有了自己的答案。

Over the past 22 years since its establishment, the demonstration zone has won 411 scientific and technological awards above the provincial and ministerial levels and 677 new animal and plant varieties have been examined and approved. In particular in the past five years, more than 5,000 new scientific and technological achievements and patent applications have been added. For years, how to industrialize agricultural scientific and technological achievements and how to help enterprises and projects “go global” and integrate into the building of the Belt and Road Initiative have remained the two problems Yangling is most concerned about, and now no doubt this demonstration zone has figured out its own answer to them.

依托区内西北农林科技大学、杨凌职业技术学院等教学科研单位，杨凌示范区聚集起了7000多名农业科教人员，“区校融合”已是杨凌的一大特色， 也为杨凌的创新创业奠定了深厚的科技基础。

Supported by a host of agriculture universities and research institutions such as Northwest A&F University and Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling demonstration zone has gathered more than 7,000 teachers and researchers in agricultural technologies. So far, the integrated development of Yangling demonstration zone and universities has become a major feature of Yangling and has also laid solid scientific and technological foundations for its innovation and entrepreneurship.

2012年，国家科技部批准杨凌成为首批“国家现代农业国际创新园”，截至2018年10月，园区内累计实施“一带一路”农业合作项目30余项；丝路合作“3+1”平台（即在哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯等丝路沿线国家设立3个境外投资贸易促进服务中心，在杨凌设立1个国际农业科技商务平台）建成并投入使用；中、英、俄三语运行的“丝路农业网”上线运行……几套“组合拳”下来，杨凌国际合作平台作用日趋显著。

In 2012, Yangling was approved as the first batch of “National Modern Agriculture International Innovation Parks” by the Ministry of Science and Technology. By October 2018, Yangling had implemented more than 30 Belt and Road agricultural cooperation projects; the “3+1” platform for silk road cooperation (i.e. three overseas investment and trade promotion service centers in Kazakhstan, Russia and other B&R countries and an international agricultural science and technology business platform in Yangling) had been completed and put into service; the Silunongye.com in Chinese, English and Russian had been put into operation, etc. With these multi-pronged efforts, the role of Yangling as an international cooperation platform has become more and more prominent.

在杨凌，有一家名副其实的“牛”科技公司。仅两年多时间，一项“牛技术”应用到了国内外42个牧场的3万多头奶牛上。这项技术的应用，解决了奶牛疾病及发情揭发晚、效率低的问题，使繁殖率从43%提升到82%。

In Yangling, there is a strong company specializing in “cow” technologies. In just over two years, one of its “cow technologies” has been applied in more than 30,000 cows in 42 ranches at home and abroad. The application of this technology has solved the problems of cow diseases, late oestrus and low productivity, increasing the reproduction rate from 43 percent to 82 percent.

毕业于西北农林科技大学的王炳科是这项技术的发明人，他发明的这一“智能手环”被使用者亲切地称之为“金项圈”。如今，王炳科创立的杨凌秾福农牧科技服务有限公司还在牧场创新之路上继续奋斗！

Wang Bingke who graduated from Northwest A&F University is the inventor of this technology, “smart bracelet”, also known as “golden collar” by users. Now, Yangling Nong Fu Agriculture and Husbandry Technology Service Co., Ltd. founded by Wang is still working hard on ranch innovation!

在杨凌，这样的创新创业故事还有很多。杨凌示范区创新创业园发展有限公司董事长卓涛介绍，“示范区先后引进培育创新创业团队780家，其中发展成为高新技术企业的有25家、科技型中小企业59家、示范区级瞪羚企业27家、独角兽企业1家。”

In Yangling, there are more people like Wang committed to such innovation and entrepreneurship. “Yangling has introduced and cultivated a total of 780 innovation and entrepreneurship teams, including 25 high-tech enterprises, 59 small and medium-sized technological enterprises, 27 gazelle enterprises at the demonstration-zone level and one unicorn enterprise,” said Zhuo Tao, chairman of Yangling Demonstration Zone Innovation and Entrepreneurship Park Development Co., Ltd.

除了创新创业的公司“走出去”，近年来，杨凌示范区先后与全球60多个国家在现代农业领域建立了合作关系，其中 “一带一路”沿线国家超过了50 个，与哈萨克斯坦农业部等20多个丝路沿线国家的政府部门签订了农业合作协议，与以色列等国建成国际合作平台13个，组织实施国际合作项目120多项。规划建设了中哈、中美、中俄等8个国际合作园区……

Whilst helping innovation and entrepreneurship enterprises to go global, in recent years, Yangling has also established cooperative relations with more than 60 countries in the world in modern agriculture including more than 50 B&R ones. Specifically, it has signed agricultural cooperation agreements with government departments of more than 20 B&R countries such as the Ministry of Agriculture of the Kazakhstan, co-built 13 international cooperation platforms with Israel and other countries, organized and implemented more than 120 international cooperation projects, and planned and built eight international cooperation parks in Kazakhstan, the United States, Russia, etc.

杨凌已成为中国与“一带一路”国家开展农业科技合作的重要平台。

As a result, Yangling has emerged as an important platform for China and other B&R countries to carry out agricultural technology cooperation.

交流互鉴的“绿色使者”
A “Green Messenger” of exchange and mutual learning

如果说项目是“走出去”的代名词，那么培训无疑是“走出去”的“招牌菜”。通过技术培训和示范，杨凌的援外培训为沿线国家现代农业发展提供了技术支持，提高了合作国的农业生产技术水平。

If we say projects are proxies for “going global”, then training is undoubtedly the “calling card” of “going global”. Through technical training and demonstration, Yangling’s foreign aid training has provided technical support for the development of modern agriculture in the countries along the routes and improved the level of their agricultural production technologies.

“在杨凌，我学习了旱地养分管理的课程，这与我的本职工作非常契合。我期待今后能有更多交流学习的机会，可以把中国旱作农业的先进技术介绍到我们国家。”即将启程回国之际，来自埃及一家研究机构的学者米·易卜拉欣兴奋地说。

“At Yangling demonstration zone, I studied the course of nutrient management in dryland farming, which is very suitable for my job. I expect that there will be more such exchange and learning opportunities, so that we can introduce China’s advanced technologies of dryland farming to our country,” said Mi Ebrahim, a scholar from an Egyptian research institute, with excitement before leaving for home.

作为科技部主办的2019年发展中国家水土保持与旱作农业技术培训班的学员，易卜拉欣近日结束了在杨凌示范区为期20天的培训。在华期间，他和来自巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、泰国、斯里兰卡等国的24名同学一道，学习了中国水土流失治理、植被恢复等方面的课程。

As a participant in the 2019 training course on soil and water conservation and dryland farming techniques in developing countries sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Ebrahim recently completed a 20-day training in Yangling demonstration zone in Shaanxi Province. During his stay in China, he and 24 fellow students from Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Sri Lanka and other countries studied Chinese courses on soil erosion control, vegetation restoration and other aspects.

马静介绍，近年来，杨凌累计承办国家援外培训项目110期，培训了100多个国家的2600余名农业官员和技术人员，培训内容涵盖旱作农业、节水灌溉、水土保持、农业经济管理等十余个主题。

According to Ma Jing, in recent years, Yangling demonstration zone has undertaken 110 foreign aid training programs covering ten-odd topics like dryland farming, water-saving irrigation, soil and water conservation, and agricultural economic management. In total, more than 2,600 agricultural officials and technicians from more than 100 countries were trained.

作为中国四大农业技术援外培训基地之一的杨凌，如今又多了一个身份——上合组织的“绿色使者”。今年6月，习近平主席在上海合作组织成员国元首理事会第十九次会议上的承诺掷地有声：“中方愿在陕西省设立上海合作组织农业技术交流培训示范基地，加强同地区国家现代农业领域合作。”

As one of China’s four major foreign aid training bases for agricultural technologies, Yangling demonstration zone was designated as “Green Messenger” by Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). In June this year, President Xi Jinping promised at the 19th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of SCO held in Shanghai, “China will be happy to set up an SCO demonstration base in Shaanxi Province for exchange and training on agricultural technologies to strengthen cooperation on modern agriculture with other countries in the region.”

走进杨凌智慧农业示范园，入眼便是一排排整齐的农业设施大棚，蔚为壮观。这个占地720亩，总投资4.6亿元的示范园，正是杨凌示范区落实建立上海合作组织农业技术交流培训示范基地的重要举措。

Upon on entering the Smart Agriculture Demonstration Park at Yangling demonstration zone, row upon row of agricultural facilities greenhouses will come into view. Covering an area of 720 mu with a total investment of 460 million yuan, this demonstration park is an important measure taken by Yangling demonstration zone to deliver the promise of President Xi of setting up an SCO demonstration base in Shaanxi Province for exchange and training on agricultural technologies.

短短数月时间，一个融合大数据、人工智能、5G等新技术的示范园（一期）拔地而起，形成了“一心五区”的格局。“一心”为智慧农业综合服务中心，“五区”分别是智慧农业展示区、休闲农业康养区、高效农业产业化示范区、智能冷链物流区、生态肥研发区。在这里将集中展示国际农业新品种、新技术、新设施和新模式。

In just a few months, a demonstration park (Phase I) integrating cutting-edge technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence and 5G technology was built, forming a landscape featured by “one center and five areas”. “One center” means a comprehensive service center for smart agriculture, and “five areas” represent an exhibition area for smart agriculture, a health and maintenance area for leisure agriculture, an industrialization demonstration area for high efficiency agriculture, a smart cold chain logistics area and a research and development area for eco-friendly fertilizers. Therefore, this demonstration park will become a window to display new varieties, new technologies, new facilities and new models of international agriculture.

十月的阳光从玻璃温室上反射的光芒，让深秋瞬间有了暖意。在智慧农业展示区，工作人员介绍道：“温室的主体结构为异型玻璃温室，目前针对的是叶菜与果菜、花卉三大作物的全产业链生产系统的智慧控制条件。”

Despite the autumnal cold, the October sunshine reflecting off from the glass greenhouses gives people in the demonstration park some comfortable warmth. At the exhibition area for smart agriculture, the staff said, “The main structure of our greenhouse is a special-shaped glass greenhouse mainly designed for the smart control conditions of the whole industrial chain production system of leaf vegetables, fruit vegetables and flowers.”

未来，“一带一路”沿线国家和上合组织成员国家的农业官员、专家可以在示范园中一次领略到12种不同类型的温室和大跨度拱棚，以及所配套的千余种农业技术。

In the future, agricultural officials and experts from B&R countries and SCO member countries will be able to see 12 different types of greenhouses and large-span arch greenhouses, as well as more than 1,000 kinds of supporting agricultural technologies in the demonstration park.

“在这里把不同类型的现代农业，智慧农业技术集成，让国内外专家、农业技术人员和农业企业家一起学习交流，同时通过园区建设形成可复制的‘杨凌农科’现代农业推广模式，助推‘一带一路’和上合组织国家现代农业发展。” 崔卫军如是说。

“We aim to integrate different types of modern agriculture and smart agricultural technologies to provide a place for experts, agricultural technicians and agricultural entrepreneurs at home and abroad to learn and communicate together. At the same time, by developing Yangling demonstration zone, we try to shape “Yangling Agri-tech” modern agricultural application mode which is replicable, in an effort to boost the development of modern agriculture in B&R countries and SCO member countries,” said Cui Weijun.

更多精彩内容详见《一带一路报道（中英文）》

国内统一连续出版物号：CN51-1788/F

国际标准连续出版物号：ISSN2096-2886

邮发代号：62-625

投稿邮箱：[email protected]

编辑：李卉嫔

审核：彭纳

主编：邓灼