Still grounded還是腳踏實地
How China emerges from lockdown will affect global tourism中國如何擺脫封鎖將影響全球旅遊業
Will footloose Chinese shoppers still feel welcome abroad?自由自在的中國消費者在國外還會受到歡迎嗎？
1. YOU CAN wave to the giant Mickey Mouse mascot, but not get close enough for a jolly selfie. Such are the rules at Disneyland Shanghai, which reopened on May 11th. Visitor numbers are capped at 30% of the sprawling park’s capacity. Meanwhile the Forbidden City in Beijing can now take only 5,000 visitors a day, just 6% of its normal cap.
你可以向巨大的米老鼠(Mickey Mouse)吉祥物揮手，但卻無法近距離自拍，這就是5月11日上海迪士尼樂園重新開放時的規定，迪士尼還規定遊客人數不能超過公園總容量的30%。與此同時，北京故宮現在每天只能接待5000名遊客，僅為正常遊客數量的6%。
2. China is leading the way out of travel lockdowns—but still largely within its own borders. Over the Labour Day weekend at the start of May, some 115m Chinese went on domestic holidays, a healthy 60% of last year’s number. Capacity on Chinese domestic flights was down by only 10% year-on-year in the first week of May. But foreign flights are still rare: each carrier gets one flight to every destination once a week.
中國正在帶頭解除旅遊封鎖，但其重心還是在國內。5月初的勞動節周末，約有1.15億中國人外出度假（主要是國內），是去年的60%。5月的第一周，中國國內航班運載量同比僅下降10%。但外國航班仍然很少：每家航空公司每周有一次飛往各個地方的航班（註：即「五個一」政策）。
3. Whether—and how fast—the Chinese rediscover their yen for venturing abroad matters a lot to the rest of the world. Once a tourism tiddler, China is now a giant: no country sends more tourists overseas. The surge of Chinese travellers accounts for a quarter of the rise in global spending on tourism since 2000. The 150m foreign trips by mainlanders (including to Hong Kong and Macau) in 2018 added up to 10% of all global departures. China is also now the fourth most-visited country behind France, Spain and America.
中國能否繼續其海外投資以及多久開始繼續海外投資，這一問題對世界其他國家來說至關重要。中國曾經是一個旅遊小國，而現在已經是一個旅遊大國了：中國向海外輸出的遊客世界第一。自2000年來，中國激增的旅遊消費占世界旅遊消費的四分之一。2018年，中國內地遊客（包括港澳）出境游達1.5億人次，占全球出境總人數的10%。中國現在也是全球第四大遊客接收國，僅次於法國、西班牙和美國。
4. Purveyors of services beyond aviation and accommodation depend on it. Chinese tourists spend lavishly on overseas jaunts, around double the global average. Last year they accounted for 81% of South Korea’s duty-free sales. Over a third of all the luxury baubles sold by the likes of Louis Vuitton and Gucci are bought by Chinese splurgers, according to Bain, a consultancy. And over two-thirds of that is overseas, notably in Europe. If tourism sags, posh stores there will lose custom to luxury shops in China (despite selling the same stuff more cheaply).
包括航空和住宿等行業都依賴於旅遊業。航空和住宿以外的服務供應商依賴於它。中國遊客在海外旅遊上花費不菲，約為全球平均水平的兩倍。去年，中國遊客在韓國的消費占韓國免稅銷售額的81%。根據貝恩諮詢公司的數據，在路易威登和古奇等品牌銷售的奢侈品中，超過三分之一是由中國人購買的，其中超過三分之二是在海外，特別是在歐洲。如果旅遊業衰退，奢侈品商店將失去中國顧客(儘管同樣的東西賣得更便宜)。
5. Gloria Guevara of the World Travel and Tourism Council, a trade body, says Chinese may feel a whiff of stigmatisation thanks to the pandemic. 「I think the Chinese will continue to travel and will travel internationally at the right time [but] at the beginning will want to travel to countries where they feel more welcome.」 Alternatively, once the virus has largely beeneradicated at home, Chinese tourists may decide that they are less keen to visit places where the contagion may still be lurking.
貿易機構世界旅遊理事會的格洛麗亞·格瓦拉說，受疫情影響，中國人可能會有一絲不悅。「我認為中國人將繼續旅行，並將在合適的時間進行國際旅行，(但)一開始，他們會希望去他們感覺更受歡迎的國家旅行。」或者，一旦疫情在國內基本解除，中國遊客可能傾向於國內旅遊，畢竟他們也不願意去那些易受感染的地方。
精讀解析
篇章結構P1—P2：中國旅遊封鎖解除，旅遊業有所恢復，但是國外仍然處於封鎖中。P3—P4：中國旅遊業在世界舉足輕重：旅遊人數多，旅客消費多。P5：中國人還會繼續旅遊，但是他們的旅遊選擇會發生變化。
重點單詞
grounded/'ɡraʊndɪd/ adj. 接(好)地的
【例句】He grounded out to shortstop.他擊出內場地滾球後被封殺至游擊手位置。
footloose/'fʊtluːs/ adj. 未婚的;獨身的；自由自在；無拘無束
【例句】The typical American is more footloose than the average European, yet lives less than 30 kilometres from his parents.一般而言，美國人比普通歐洲人更能夠四海為家，然而他們卻住在離父母不到30公里的地方。
the Forbidden City紫禁城；故宮
mascot/'mæskɒt/ n. 吉祥物
【例句】The Pronghorns are the mascot of Farson-Eden School.叉角羚是法森艾登學校的吉祥物。
jolly/'dʒɒlɪ/ adj. 愉快的；歡樂的；宜人的vt.用好話勸某人做…；用好話使高興
【例句】The boss will certainly be jolly angry.老闆肯定會大發脾氣的。
selfie自拍
【例句】To take selfie after selfie with one of his heroes.與他心目中的一位英雄一張接一張的拍照。
cap vt. 覆蓋；勝過；給…戴帽；加蓋於
【短語】thinking capn. 思考,思考狀態to cap it all更加；更有甚者【例句】Not everyone is capable of judging art.並不是每個人都有鑑賞藝術的能力。
sprawl/sprɔ:l/ vi. 伸開四肢坐〔躺〕；蔓延;雜亂無序地拓展；四肢伸展坐著(或躺著)n. (城市)雜亂無序拓展的地區；隨意擴展;蔓延;蔓延物
【例句】Sprawl and loss of focus are another risk.無計劃的擴展和缺乏中心目標是另一種風險。
yen/jen/ n.渴望vi. 渴望
【例句】She always had a yen to be a writer.她總渴望成為一名作家。
tiddler/'tɪdlə/ n.非常小的東西
【例句】London Fashion Week has long been seen as the tiddler of the big four global shows, overshadowed by the spectacles in Milan, New York and Paris.事實上，倫敦時裝周一直以來都處於全球四大時裝周之末流，與米蘭、紐約、巴黎三大巨頭的時裝盛宴相比，實在太過遜色。
duty-free免稅的
posh store奢侈品商店
jaunt/dʒɔːnt/n. 遠足；短途旅遊vi. 遠足；作短途旅遊
【例句】Two private firms are offering moon jaunts to the rich and dedicated.私人公司為富人和特權人士提供月亮旅行。
purveyor/pə'veiə/ n. 承辦商；伙食承辦商；供應糧食者；供應貨物或提供服務的人或公司
【例句】This aims to show that researchers themselves can turn out refereed papers cheaply, bypassing traditional purveyors.這旨在表明，不需要傳統意義上的傳播者，研究者自己能夠出版經過評審的文章，而且成本低廉。
aviation/eɪvɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 航空；飛行術；飛機製造業
【例句】The region is one of the world's fastest-growing aviation markets.東南亞地區是全世界增長最快的航空市場。
lavish/'lævɪʃ/ adj. 浪費的；豐富的；大方的vt. 浪費；慷慨給予；濫用
【短語】lavish onv. 大肆花費
【例句】Skyscrapers become lavish consumers, and wasters of electric power.摩天大樓成為奢侈的消耗者，電力的浪費者。
bauble/'bɔːb(ə)l/ n. 小玩意；美觀而無價值的飾物
【例句】Covered in baubles, they are the ultimate symbol of Christmas.掛滿著聖誕彩球，他們是聖誕節的終極象徵。
splurge/splɜːdʒ/ n. 炫耀；揮霍v. 揮霍；誇耀
【短語】splurge onv. 揮霍,浪費
【例句】We splurged on T-bone steaks.我們去餐館大吃T型骨嫩牛排。I'd splurged about £2,500 on clothes.我狂買衣服花了大約2,500英鎊。
whiff/wɪf/ vt. 噴出；吸n. 一點點；單人小划艇；琴鮃屬魚；吸氣或吹氣
【例句】A few whiffs of air had entered my lungs.幾口空氣吹入我的肺中。
stigmatization/ˌstiɡmətai'zeiʃən/ n. 描繪,陳述
【例句】A venerated and hugely bankable actor's swift stigmatization following a sex scandal.在某性醜聞爆出之後，一位備受尊敬並且深受觀眾喜愛的男演員迅速站出來發聲譴責。
eradicate/ɪ'rædɪkeɪt/ vt. 摧毀,完全根除n. 摧毀,根除
【例句】Kitty Hawk's mission is to eradicate traffic.Kitty Hawk的任務是徹底解決交通問題。
contagion/kən'teɪdʒ(ə)n/ n. 傳染,接觸傳染；道德敗壞,歪風
【例句】Some workers have been attacked during the COVID-19 crisis because people fear contagion.在新冠肺炎危機期間，一些醫務人員受到攻擊，因為人們擔心病毒會蔓延。
lurk/lɜːk/ vi. 潛伏；埋伏；潛藏n. 埋伏；潛伏
【例句】A leopard was lurking in the jungle.有一隻豹躲藏在叢林中。
註：本文摘自5月30日《經濟學人》
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