文：《一帶一路報道》記者 向雯

仲夏時節，又一個收穫季。在距離哈薩克阿拉木圖州80公里的圖爾根村，中國-哈薩克農業創新園（以下簡稱「中哈園」）里金黃色的麥浪隨風輕舞，飽滿的麥粒豐收在望，一派喜人的景色。對於這批來自中國楊凌的小麥良種，哈方農技師讚不絕口，而對於「紮根」這裡四年多的楊凌農技師杜雙社來說，既自豪又感慨。

As summer reigns supreme, another harvest season is well underway. In Turgen, a village 80 kilometers away from Almaty, Kazakhstan, is located China-Kazakhstan Modern Agriculture Innovation Park (「the park」 for short). Here, when wind blows over that golden expanse, one ripple after another would be created like golden waves. Seeing this pleasing scene, one just cannot help expecting a bumper harvest. At the mention of this batch of fine wheat varieties from Yangling, China, Kazakh agricultural technicians were full of praise. But for Du Shuangshe, an agricultural technician from Yangling who has been 「rooted」 here for more than four years, the feelings were far more than pride.

「一帶一路」上的「楊凌智慧」
「Yangling wisdom」 in B&R countries

2015年5月，陝西省楊凌農業高新技術產業示範區（以下簡稱「楊凌示範區」）和哈薩克國際一體化基金會簽署協議，決定共同開發建設占地3000畝的中哈園。雙方就開展優良品種、節水灌溉、經濟林果、農資農機等領域新產品的試驗、推廣和經營達成一致。作為一名有著20多年經驗的農業技術能手，2016年6月，杜雙社被派往中哈園開展農作物種植技術指導。

In May 2015, Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone of Shaanxi Province (「the demonstration zone」 for short) signed an agreement with International Fund Integration of Kazakhstan to build the 3,000-mu modern agriculture innovation park in Turgen. The two sides reached consensus on the testing, promotion and operation of new products in the fields of fine varieties, water-saving irrigation, economic forests and fruits, agricultural materials and machinery. As an agricultural technician with more than 20 years of experience, Du was sent to the park in June 2016 to provide technical guidance on crop cultivation.

中國-哈薩克農業創新園

初到哈國的艱辛不言而喻。語言不通、生活不便難不倒這個黝黑的西北漢子，每天為當地農民指導農業技術是他的「必修課」。今年6月，隨著三座日光溫室在圖爾根村拔地而起，杜雙社更忙了。

Needless to say, Du was faced with many a hardship when he first arrived in Kazakhstan. But despite language barriers and difficult living conditions, Du, a tough guy from China’s northwest, still provided guidance on agricultural technologies for local farmers every day. And since June this year, Du became even busier as three solar greenhouses were completed in Turgen.

「三座溫室大棚建成了，接下來就是引種黃瓜、西紅柿等蔬菜。」杜雙社談到，「在中國，大棚種植蔬菜技術已經很成熟，我們把蔬菜大棚技術『拿』過來，幫助當地人學會控制溫度、濕度，也能讓這裡的蔬菜品種豐富起來。」

「Following the completion of the three greenhouses, next we will start introducing vegetables like cucumbers and tomatoes.」 Du said, 「In China, the greenhouse vegetable farming technology is very mature. Therefore, we bring this technology here to teach local farmers how to control temperature and humidity, thereby helping diversify local vegetable varieties.」

在陝西楊凌農科集團有限公司副總經理、中哈園中方負責人崔衛軍看來，哈薩克有著優越的自然稟賦而且地廣人稀，最適合發展農業，而制約哈國農業發展的短板就是科技二字。「而這恰好是我們的長處。」崔衛軍說。

According to Cui Weijun, deputy general manager of Shaanxi Yangling Agricultural Technology Group Co., Ltd. and head of the Chinese side of China-Kazakhstan Modern Agriculture Innovation Park, superior natural endowments, vast territory and a small population make Kazakhstan a perfect place to develop agriculture, but lack of technology remains the biggest weakness hindering this effort. 「Well, technology is right our strength.」 Cui added.

於是，一支由西北農林科技大學專家、職業農民、農業園區開發人員組成的團隊來到了這裡。如今，四年過去，中哈園裡來自陝西楊凌的試驗小麥、玉米、大豆、油菜、蔬菜、苗木達到了6大類45個品種，累計種植面積1467畝，交出了一份漂亮的成績單。

Therefore, a team made up by experts from Northwest A&F University, professional farmers and agricultural development personnel of the park came here. Four years now, a total of 45 varieties in 6 categories including wheat, corn, soybean, rape, vegetables and seedlings from Yangling, Shaanxi Province have been tested in the park, with the planting area reaching 1,467 mu. That’s quite an impressive achievement.

除了哈薩克，這幾年，楊凌示範區依託先進的農業技術和經驗，頻頻與「一帶一路」沿線國家「聯姻」。在吉爾吉斯建設農業科技示範園、在塔吉克建設現代農業設施展示園、在荷蘭建設農業科技產業園、在澳大利亞建設畜牧產業園……農業科技的「同頻共振」形成了越來越多的「雙贏」「多贏」局面。

Apart from Kazakhstan, over the past a few years, Yangling demonstration zone has established cooperative ties with other countries along the Belt and Road by virtue of its advanced technologies and experience in agriculture. To name a few, it built a modern agriculture technology demonstration zone in Kyrgyzstan, a modern agricultural facilities demonstration park in Tajikistan, an agriculture technology industrial park in the Netherlands, and an animal husbandry industrial park in Australia. Cooperation in agricultural technologies has made happen more and more win-win scenarios.

在莫三比克加扎省賽賽市，西麗斯特提起現在的生活一臉喜悅：「以前，我們的主食是木薯和玉米。現在，我們自己種水稻，也喜歡上了吃大米。」 西麗斯特只是一位普通的農村婦女，如今，他們一家不僅豐富了主食結構，還蓋了房、買了車、有了積蓄。

In Cidade de Xai-Xai, a city in Gaza Province, Mozambique, Celeste said with joy when being asked about her current life, 「In the past, our staple foods were cassava and corn. Now, we grow rice ourselves and we like rice.」 Celeste is a local ordinary rural woman. Now, her family has built new houses, bought cars and also starts to have some savings, not to mention more choices for staple foods.

這巨大的變化正源自楊凌專家帶來的「禮物」。除了先進適用的農業技術，中國專家還帶來了「中國企業+農戶」的水稻種植新模式：中國企業莫三比克萬寶農場與當地的種植戶簽訂協議，為他們提供生產資料、農機、技術等服務，農戶則負責日常管理；稻穀收穫後，萬寶農場按市場價格收購。

This great change is due to the 「gift」 brought by Yangling’s experts. In addition to advanced and applicable agricultural technologies, Chinese experts have also brought a new rice planting model of 「Chinese enterprises + peasant households」. Under this model, Chinese-funded Wanbao Mozambique rice farm will sign an agreement with local growers to provide them with services such as means of production, agricultural machinery and technologies; peasant households will be responsible for daily management; after harvest, the farm will purchase rice at the market price.

「以前，這裡的水稻畝產量也就200公斤，通過技術指導，簽約農戶的水稻畝產量普遍超過400公斤。」萬寶農場總經理胡計高說，越來越多的農民爭相簽訂合同種植水稻。

「In the past, the per mu yield of rice here was 200 kilograms. With the help of the technical guidance, however, the per mu yield of most contracted farmers exceeds 400 kilograms.」 Hu Jigao, general manager of Wanbao Mozambique rice farm, said that more and more farmers are willing to sign contracts to grow rice.

楊凌示範區國際合作局副局長馬靜表示，「一帶一路」倡議為楊凌打開了一扇大門，無論是「走出去」還是「引進來」，都前景可期。

Ma Jing, deputy director of the international cooperation bureau of Yangling demonstration zone, said that the Belt and Road Initiative has opened a door for Yangling, bringing Yangling huge prospects in both 「going global」 and 「bringing in」.

打造國際合作的大平台
Build a big platform for international cooperation

作為首個國家級農業高新技術產業示範區和唯一一個以現代農業為特色的自貿區，楊凌利用雙重疊加優勢，不斷加大協同創新力度，聚集科技創新人才，構建完備創新體系。如今，楊凌已從關中腹地的一個農業小鎮成長為海內外頗具影響力的「農科新城」。

Yangling is the first national-level agricultural high-tech demonstration zone and the only free trade zone characterized by modern agriculture in China. By relying on the two advantages, it has made constant efforts to strengthen collaborative innovation, attract hi-tech innovation talent and build a complete innovation system. Now, Yangling has grown from a small agricultural town in the hinterland of Guanzhong plain to a 「new agricultural town」 with clout both at home and abroad.

成立22年來，楊凌示範區累計獲省部級以上科技獎勵411項，審定動植物新品種677個，近5年新增科技成果和專利申報5000餘件……如何把農業科技成果轉化為產業價值，助力企業、項目「走出去」融入「一帶一路」建設，是楊凌示範區近些年關注最多的問題，而對此，它顯然已有了自己的答案。

Over the past 22 years since its establishment, the demonstration zone has won 411 scientific and technological awards above the provincial and ministerial levels and 677 new animal and plant varieties have been examined and approved. In particular in the past five years, more than 5,000 new scientific and technological achievements and patent applications have been added. For years, how to industrialize agricultural scientific and technological achievements and how to help enterprises and projects 「go global」 and integrate into the building of the Belt and Road Initiative have remained the two problems Yangling is most concerned about, and now no doubt this demonstration zone has figured out its own answer to them.

依託區內西北農林科技大學、楊凌職業技術學院等教學科研單位，楊凌示範區聚集起了7000多名農業科教人員，「區校融合」已是楊凌的一大特色， 也為楊凌的創新創業奠定了深厚的科技基礎。

Supported by a host of agriculture universities and research institutions such as Northwest A&F University and Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling demonstration zone has gathered more than 7,000 teachers and researchers in agricultural technologies. So far, the integrated development of Yangling demonstration zone and universities has become a major feature of Yangling and has also laid solid scientific and technological foundations for its innovation and entrepreneurship.

2012年，國家科技部批准楊凌成為首批「國家現代農業國際創新園」，截至2018年10月，園區內累計實施「一帶一路」農業合作項目30餘項；絲路合作「3+1」平台（即在哈薩克、俄羅斯等絲路沿線國家設立3個境外投資貿易促進服務中心，在楊凌設立1個國際農業科技商務平台）建成並投入使用；中、英、俄三語運行的「絲路農業網」上線運行……幾套「組合拳」下來，楊凌國際合作平台作用日趨顯著。

In 2012, Yangling was approved as the first batch of 「National Modern Agriculture International Innovation Parks」 by the Ministry of Science and Technology. By October 2018, Yangling had implemented more than 30 Belt and Road agricultural cooperation projects; the 「3+1」 platform for silk road cooperation (i.e. three overseas investment and trade promotion service centers in Kazakhstan, Russia and other B&R countries and an international agricultural science and technology business platform in Yangling) had been completed and put into service; the Silunongye.com in Chinese, English and Russian had been put into operation, etc. With these multi-pronged efforts, the role of Yangling as an international cooperation platform has become more and more prominent.

在楊凌，有一家名副其實的「牛」科技公司。僅兩年多時間，一項「牛技術」應用到了國內外42個牧場的3萬多頭奶牛上。這項技術的應用，解決了奶牛疾病及發情揭發晚、效率低的問題，使繁殖率從43%提升到82%。

In Yangling, there is a strong company specializing in 「cow」 technologies. In just over two years, one of its 「cow technologies」 has been applied in more than 30,000 cows in 42 ranches at home and abroad. The application of this technology has solved the problems of cow diseases, late oestrus and low productivity, increasing the reproduction rate from 43 percent to 82 percent.

畢業於西北農林科技大學的王炳科是這項技術的發明人，他發明的這一「智能手環」被使用者親切地稱之為「金項圈」。如今，王炳科創立的楊凌穠福農牧科技服務有限公司還在牧場創新之路上繼續奮鬥！

Wang Bingke who graduated from Northwest A&F University is the inventor of this technology, 「smart bracelet」, also known as 「golden collar」 by users. Now, Yangling Nong Fu Agriculture and Husbandry Technology Service Co., Ltd. founded by Wang is still working hard on ranch innovation!

在楊凌，這樣的創新創業故事還有很多。楊凌示範區創新創業園發展有限公司董事長卓濤介紹，「示範區先後引進培育創新創業團隊780家，其中發展成為高新技術企業的有25家、科技型中小企業59家、示範區級瞪羚企業27家、獨角獸企業1家。」

In Yangling, there are more people like Wang committed to such innovation and entrepreneurship. 「Yangling has introduced and cultivated a total of 780 innovation and entrepreneurship teams, including 25 high-tech enterprises, 59 small and medium-sized technological enterprises, 27 gazelle enterprises at the demonstration-zone level and one unicorn enterprise,」 said Zhuo Tao, chairman of Yangling Demonstration Zone Innovation and Entrepreneurship Park Development Co., Ltd.

除了創新創業的公司「走出去」，近年來，楊凌示範區先後與全球60多個國家在現代農業領域建立了合作關係，其中 「一帶一路」沿線國家超過了50 個，與哈薩克農業部等20多個絲路沿線國家的政府部門簽訂了農業合作協議，與以色列等國建成國際合作平台13個，組織實施國際合作項目120多項。規劃建設了中哈、中美、中俄等8個國際合作園區……

Whilst helping innovation and entrepreneurship enterprises to go global, in recent years, Yangling has also established cooperative relations with more than 60 countries in the world in modern agriculture including more than 50 B&R ones. Specifically, it has signed agricultural cooperation agreements with government departments of more than 20 B&R countries such as the Ministry of Agriculture of the Kazakhstan, co-built 13 international cooperation platforms with Israel and other countries, organized and implemented more than 120 international cooperation projects, and planned and built eight international cooperation parks in Kazakhstan, the United States, Russia, etc.

楊凌已成為中國與「一帶一路」國家開展農業科技合作的重要平台。

As a result, Yangling has emerged as an important platform for China and other B&R countries to carry out agricultural technology cooperation.

交流互鑒的「綠色使者」
A 「Green Messenger」 of exchange and mutual learning

如果說項目是「走出去」的代名詞，那麼培訓無疑是「走出去」的「招牌菜」。通過技術培訓和示範，楊凌的援外培訓為沿線國家現代農業發展提供了技術支持，提高了合作國的農業生產技術水平。

If we say projects are proxies for 「going global」, then training is undoubtedly the 「calling card」 of 「going global」. Through technical training and demonstration, Yangling’s foreign aid training has provided technical support for the development of modern agriculture in the countries along the routes and improved the level of their agricultural production technologies.

「在楊凌，我學習了旱地養分管理的課程，這與我的本職工作非常契合。我期待今後能有更多交流學習的機會，可以把中國旱作農業的先進技術介紹到我們國家。」即將啟程回國之際，來自埃及一家研究機構的學者米·易卜拉欣興奮地說。

「At Yangling demonstration zone, I studied the course of nutrient management in dryland farming, which is very suitable for my job. I expect that there will be more such exchange and learning opportunities, so that we can introduce China’s advanced technologies of dryland farming to our country,」 said Mi Ebrahim, a scholar from an Egyptian research institute, with excitement before leaving for home.

作為科技部主辦的2019年發展中國家水土保持與旱作農業技術培訓班的學員，易卜拉欣近日結束了在楊凌示範區為期20天的培訓。在華期間，他和來自巴基斯坦、孟加拉國、泰國、斯里蘭卡等國的24名同學一道，學習了中國水土流失治理、植被恢復等方面的課程。

As a participant in the 2019 training course on soil and water conservation and dryland farming techniques in developing countries sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Ebrahim recently completed a 20-day training in Yangling demonstration zone in Shaanxi Province. During his stay in China, he and 24 fellow students from Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Sri Lanka and other countries studied Chinese courses on soil erosion control, vegetation restoration and other aspects.

馬靜介紹，近年來，楊凌累計承辦國家援外培訓項目110期，培訓了100多個國家的2600餘名農業官員和技術人員，培訓內容涵蓋旱作農業、節水灌溉、水土保持、農業經濟管理等十餘個主題。

According to Ma Jing, in recent years, Yangling demonstration zone has undertaken 110 foreign aid training programs covering ten-odd topics like dryland farming, water-saving irrigation, soil and water conservation, and agricultural economic management. In total, more than 2,600 agricultural officials and technicians from more than 100 countries were trained.

作為中國四大農業技術援外培訓基地之一的楊凌，如今又多了一個身份——上合組織的「綠色使者」。今年6月，習近平主席在上海合作組織成員國元首理事會第十九次會議上的承諾擲地有聲：「中方願在陝西省設立上海合作組織農業技術交流培訓示範基地，加強同地區國家現代農業領域合作。」

As one of China’s four major foreign aid training bases for agricultural technologies, Yangling demonstration zone was designated as 「Green Messenger」 by Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). In June this year, President Xi Jinping promised at the 19th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of SCO held in Shanghai, 「China will be happy to set up an SCO demonstration base in Shaanxi Province for exchange and training on agricultural technologies to strengthen cooperation on modern agriculture with other countries in the region.」

走進楊凌智慧農業示範園，入眼便是一排排整齊的農業設施大棚，蔚為壯觀。這個占地720畝，總投資4.6億元的示範園，正是楊凌示範區落實建立上海合作組織農業技術交流培訓示範基地的重要舉措。

Upon on entering the Smart Agriculture Demonstration Park at Yangling demonstration zone, row upon row of agricultural facilities greenhouses will come into view. Covering an area of 720 mu with a total investment of 460 million yuan, this demonstration park is an important measure taken by Yangling demonstration zone to deliver the promise of President Xi of setting up an SCO demonstration base in Shaanxi Province for exchange and training on agricultural technologies.

短短數月時間，一個融合大數據、人工智慧、5G等新技術的示範園（一期）拔地而起，形成了「一心五區」的格局。「一心」為智慧農業綜合服務中心，「五區」分別是智慧農業展示區、休閒農業康養區、高效農業產業化示範區、智能冷鏈物流區、生態肥研發區。在這裡將集中展示國際農業新品種、新技術、新設施和新模式。

In just a few months, a demonstration park (Phase I) integrating cutting-edge technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence and 5G technology was built, forming a landscape featured by 「one center and five areas」. 「One center」 means a comprehensive service center for smart agriculture, and 「five areas」 represent an exhibition area for smart agriculture, a health and maintenance area for leisure agriculture, an industrialization demonstration area for high efficiency agriculture, a smart cold chain logistics area and a research and development area for eco-friendly fertilizers. Therefore, this demonstration park will become a window to display new varieties, new technologies, new facilities and new models of international agriculture.

十月的陽光從玻璃溫室上反射的光芒，讓深秋瞬間有了暖意。在智慧農業展示區，工作人員介紹道：「溫室的主體結構為異型玻璃溫室，目前針對的是葉菜與果菜、花卉三大作物的全產業鏈生產系統的智慧控制條件。」

Despite the autumnal cold, the October sunshine reflecting off from the glass greenhouses gives people in the demonstration park some comfortable warmth. At the exhibition area for smart agriculture, the staff said, 「The main structure of our greenhouse is a special-shaped glass greenhouse mainly designed for the smart control conditions of the whole industrial chain production system of leaf vegetables, fruit vegetables and flowers.」

未來，「一帶一路」沿線國家和上合組織成員國家的農業官員、專家可以在示範園中一次領略到12種不同類型的溫室和大跨度拱棚，以及所配套的千餘種農業技術。

In the future, agricultural officials and experts from B&R countries and SCO member countries will be able to see 12 different types of greenhouses and large-span arch greenhouses, as well as more than 1,000 kinds of supporting agricultural technologies in the demonstration park.

「在這裡把不同類型的現代農業，智慧農業技術集成，讓國內外專家、農業技術人員和農業企業家一起學習交流，同時通過園區建設形成可複製的『楊凌農科』現代農業推廣模式，助推『一帶一路』和上合組織國家現代農業發展。」 崔衛軍如是說。

「We aim to integrate different types of modern agriculture and smart agricultural technologies to provide a place for experts, agricultural technicians and agricultural entrepreneurs at home and abroad to learn and communicate together. At the same time, by developing Yangling demonstration zone, we try to shape 「Yangling Agri-tech」 modern agricultural application mode which is replicable, in an effort to boost the development of modern agriculture in B&R countries and SCO member countries,」 said Cui Weijun.

更多精彩內容詳見《一帶一路報道（中英文）》

國內統一連續出版物號：CN51-1788/F

國際標準連續出版物號：ISSN2096-2886

郵發代號：62-625

投稿郵箱：thebeltandroadrpt@163.com

編輯：李卉嬪

審核：彭納

主編：鄧灼