文:《一帶一路報道》記者 李卉嬪

「十年」這個時間段

對衣索比亞來說

有著非同尋常的意義

十年是埃塞義務教育的起點

是徹底消除瘧疾的終點

是經濟騰飛、GDP平均增長10%的節點

是成為東非第一大經濟體的蛻變

For Ethiopia, a decade implies particular importance. In the past decade, the country has witnessed its economic take-off, with its annual GDP growth reaching 10%; in the upcoming decade, it will fulfill its medical plan to eliminate malaria; one decade also represents the time span for its compulsory education.

教育篇：「我們也能創造奇蹟」

Education: 「we can also create miracles」

埃塞是非洲最大的竹林國家，竹製品是其重要的外匯來源之一。2018年9月，四川省瀘州市納溪區白節鎮，迎來了不遠萬里而來的38名衣索比亞學員。他們來這裡學習竹產品生產加工技藝：將藤條扭成適合的形狀，連接接頭，切割機去料，紗布打磨等一系列工序下來，小巧的吊燈、檯燈，實用的餐墊、精美的竹藤家具便誕生了。師傅手把手教，學生一點一滴學，短短一周時間，埃塞學員進步神速。學員們感慨，沒想到竹木藤能做出這麼多東西，希望通過這次學習，把優秀的技藝帶回家鄉。

Ethiopia has the largest bamboo forests in Africa, with bamboo products as one of its important sources of foreign exchange. In September 2018, Baijie Town, Naxi District, Luzhou, Sichuan, embraced 38 Ethiopian apprentices who came from afar to learn the production and processing skills of bamboo products, from wrenching rattan into desired shapes to connecting with joints, from deflashing with cutters to polishing with abrasive paper. From such small ornaments as ceiling lamps and table lamps to practical placemat and exquisite rattan furniture, the masters taught the students hand by hand, while the students learned little by little. In such a short period of one week, these Ethiopian students made rapid progress. The students sighed with emotion that they never thought they could make so many objects with rattan, and hoped to bring back excellent skills through this training session.

十年來，從手工藝品、服裝、鞋等輕工業品製作，到火車駕駛、鐵路運營、飛機駕駛等大型工種，中國有針對性地為衣索比亞開展各種職業技能培訓、援建學校。2008年開始投入使用的埃塞-中國職業技術學院是中國援助非洲的最大教育項目。

In the past decade, from the production of such light industry products as handicrafts, apparel, and footwear to such major professions as the operation of trains, railways, and aircraft, China has provided various kinds of vocational skill trainings to Ethiopia and assisted in building schools there. Ethio-China Polytechnic College, which has been in operation since 2008, is the largest education project aided by China in Africa.

十年來，中國向衣索比亞派遣教師、捐贈教學設施、提供培訓課程，發展職業教育以促進經濟發展和人力資源開發，成績斐然。在埃塞的中國企業為當地人提供技能培訓，提供實習機會，埃塞已成為中國援外培訓資源的最大受益國之一。

During the past decade, China sent teachers, donated teaching facilities, and provided training courses to Ethiopia, aiming to boost the development of economy and human resources by developing vocational education, which has recorded remarkable achievements. Chinese enterprises in Ethiopia also provided locals with skill trainings and intern opportunities, making Ethiopia the largest beneficiary of China’s training resources for foreign countries.

隨著兩國教育合作愈加緊密，「留學」不再是夢想，越來越多埃塞年輕人選擇到中國「圓夢」。操著一口流利普通話的納必永是一名埃塞留學生。2012年，他在父親的鼓勵下，來到天津大學建築學院開始本科學業。幾年後，對中國文化的喜愛讓他繼續留下攻讀碩士學位。「對我來說，天津大學是我的第二個家，當我18歲來到這裡時，還是個懵懂的少年，但當我即將離開時，已對自己有了清晰的人生規劃。」納必永說。

With the closer cooperation in education between China and Ethiopia, 「studying abroad」 is no longer only a dream for Ethiopians, and more and more Ethiopian youngsters choose to 「fulfill their dreams」 in China. Nabiyong, who speaks Mandarin fluently, is an Ethiopian student in China. Encouraged by his father, he came to pursue his bachelor’s degree in the School of Architecture, Tianjin University. As interested in Chinese culture, he continued to study for the master’s degree a few years later. 「For me, Tianjin University is my second home. When I came here at 18 years old, I was still an innocent teenager, but when I am about to leave here, I have a clear life plan,」 said Nabiyong.

十年前，衣索比亞的中學課本載入了這樣的一課：中國在近代也貧窮落後，但近幾十年通過勤奮創造了經濟奇蹟；既然中國能由窮變富，那麼我們衣索比亞也能創造經濟奇蹟。中國奇蹟來自其人民都受過基本的教育，渴望用自己的勤奮努力獲得更好的生活。這篇課文在衣索比亞青年中產生了極大的震撼，希望學習中國模式、到中國學習的年輕人越來越多。

Ten years ago, there was a lesson in the text book for secondary school students in Ethiopia, which read: China used to be a poor underdeveloped country in modern times too, but has created economic miracles through diligent work in recent decades; as long as China can develop from a poor country to a rich one, then Ethiopia can also create economic miracles. China’s economic miracles result from the fact that most of its people have received basic education, and are eager to live a better life through hard work. This text shocked many Ethiopian youngsters, and then an increasing number of them hoped to learn from China’s development mode and study in China.

醫療篇：抵禦瘧疾護航健康

Medical care: fighting against malaria and safeguard health

衣索比亞曾經瘧疾肆虐，人民深受其害，為此，埃塞制定了「醫療十年」計劃，計劃在2030年前徹底消除瘧疾。

Ethiopia was once a malaria-endemic country with its people deeply suffered. Therefore, Ethiopia prepared a 「ten-year」 medical plan, namely the plan to eliminate malaria before 2030.

十年消除瘧疾計劃來源於中國對抗瘧疾的成功經驗：過去十年里，中國在非洲設立了幾十個防治瘧疾中心，幫助馬拉威實現了瘧疾零死亡，以清除傳染源為核心的中國原創青蒿素復方在非洲很多國家證明了其可行性。

The 「ten-year」 malaria elimination plan comes from China’s successful practice of fighting against malaria: in the past decade, China has set up dozens of malaria prevention centers in Africa, helping Malawi realize the goal of zero death from malaria; 「China’s malaria prevention program」, the core of which is using artemisin in compound to eliminate infection sources, has proved its feasibility in many African countries.

十年消除瘧疾計劃的完成也與中埃40年醫療合作打下的堅實基礎密切相關。

The completion of the 「ten-year」 malaria elimination plan is closely related to the solid foundation laid by the 40-year China-Ethiopia medical cooperation.

45年前，中國首批援助醫療隊來到季馬，心血管專家梅庚年擔任醫療隊隊長，期間他的團隊攻克了多個醫療難題。次年８月，衣索比亞發生嚴重旱災，參與救災的梅庚年不幸遭遇車禍、以身殉職。他被譽為非洲的「中國白求恩」。埃塞政府在梅庚年墓前立起三座大理石墓碑，以紀念他的國際主義精神。

45 years ago, the first Chinese medical aid team, which was led by angiocarpy expert Mei Gengnian, came to Jimma. During their stay there, the team overcame many medical difficulties. In the next August after their arrival, Ethiopia was hit by severe drought. Mei Gengnian participated in the disaster relief, and unfortunately died at his post in a car accident. He has been reputed as 「Chinese Bethune」 in Africa. The Ethiopian government set up three marble tombstones in front of Mei Gengnian’s tomb to commemorate his spirit of internationalism.

40多年來，一批批援助埃塞的中國醫務人員，踏著梅庚年的足跡，奉獻在衣索比亞高原。尤其是在「一帶一路」倡議的推動下，中國對埃塞的醫療援助力度越來越大。

Over the past over 40 years, groups of Chinese medical aid workers followed the footsteps of Mei Gengnian, devoting themselves on the Ethiopian Highlands. Especially with the boost of the Belt and Road Initiative, China is providing more and more medical aids to Ethiopia.

2018年8月，在埃塞首都亞的斯亞貝巴的中國-衣索比亞友好醫院，來自河南省平頂山市第二人民醫院的外科副主任醫師張天鵬正在與當地醫生溝通患者的病情。時年37歲的他隨中國援埃塞第20批醫療隊在這裡已經工作一年了。

In August 2018, in the Ethio-China Friendship Hospital in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, Mr. Zhang Tianpeng, associate chief surgeon from Pingdingshan the Second People’s Hospital of Henan was talking about patient’s conditions with local doctors. He, 37-year-old at that time, had been working with the 20th batch of the Chinese medical team in Ethiopia for one year.

張天鵬說，「這一年的經歷對我一生都是一種很難得的歷練。」走在醫院會有人突然說「你好！」「China！」。有一次手術做到一半，發現後面圍了一圈當地的醫生在拍照觀察。「也有家屬緊緊地握著我們的手，雖然很多當地話我們聽不懂，但能看出他們眼神中帶著由衷的感激。」張天鵬回憶道。

Zhang Tianpeng said, 「This is a valuable experience in my life.」 When he was walking in the hospital, someone would suddenly say 「Hello!」「China!」. Once when he was performing an operation, he found himself surrounded by local doctors who were taking photos and observing. 「Some patients』 family members would hold our hands tightly. Although we cannot understand many local words, we can see the gratitude in their eyes,」 Zhang Tianpeng recalled.

一年多里，張天鵬所在的這支醫療隊在受援醫院共開展各類手術512台次，日常門診病人共11647人次，麻醉386人次，X光檢查11151人次，B超檢查9759人次，化驗檢查1370人次，針灸治療9356人次，帶動了埃塞醫療水平的提高。

In the past year, the medical team which Zhang Tianpeng belongs to has performed 512 operations in the aided hospitals; received 11,647 person-times of routine outpatients; anaesthetized 386 person-times; performed X-ray examinations for 11,151 person-times; performed medical ultrasound examinations for 9,759 person-times; performed laboratory examinations for 1,370 person-times; acupunctured 9,356 person-times, improving the medical services in Ethiopia.

埃塞衛生部相關負責人表示，「中國幫助我們健全完善了醫療體系，援建了現代化醫院，並配備藥品和急需的醫療設備，我們期待著更多的雙邊合作。」

The relavant responsible person of Health of Ethiopia, said, China helps us improve our medical system, aids the construction of modern hospitals, and supplies medicines and medical equipment needed badly. We are looking forward to more bilateral cooperation.

十年教育鑄魂

十年醫療強身

前者為發展指路

後者為發展護航

未來十年

還有更多如

梅庚年、張天鵬一樣的中國醫生

將奉獻於衣索比亞高原

為其無數個十年醫療計劃的如期完成添磚加瓦

A decade of education aid shapes the soul, and a decade of medical aid improves physical fitness. The former shows the direction of development, while the latter guarantees the development. In the coming decade, there will be more doctors like Mei Gengnian and Zhang Tianpeng devoting themselves on the Ethiopian Highlands, and helping Ethiopia complete its several 「ten-year」 medical plans.

部分圖片來源網絡

編輯：雷露

朗讀：何陽

審核：彭納

主編：鄧灼