清华论坛第104讲
暨清华五道口全球名师大讲堂
主题
巴西亚马逊地区的碳价格和森林保护（Carbon Prices and Forest Preservation over Space and Time in the Brazilian Amazon）
演讲嘉宾
何塞·A·舍因克曼，哥伦比亚大学Charles and Lynn Zhang经济学教授
演讲语言
英文
时间
2023年10月8日 10:00-11:30
地点
清华大学五道口金融学院1-200教室
主办单位
清华大学五道口金融学院、清华大学学术委员会
摘要
巴西亚马逊地区一部分土地是森林，其他部分用于以养牛业为主的农业活动。森林砍伐及造林会改变碳的排放及吸收量，从而影响全球气候。这些土地使用的社会和私人生产力在亚马逊地区的不同地点有所不同。在这项研究中，我们建立并分析了一个社会有效土地分配的空间及动态模型，来为制定特定政策提供基准参考。我们将牲畜价格的随机演变纳入模型，并探讨了特定地区生产率的模糊性对社会有效政策的影响。最后，我们评估了对空间及动态土地使用分配施加不同社会碳排放成本的后果。我们的研究结果表明，通过设置合适的每吨净二氧化碳转移水平，可使巴西找到未来30年内大量吸收温室气体的最优政策。这表明热带森林的管理在不久的将来可以在减缓气候变化方面发挥重要作用。
Some portions of land in Brazilian Amazon are forested, and other portions used in agricultural activities, principally cattle-ranching. Deforestation (reforestation) emits (captures) carbon, which has consequence for the global climate. The social and private productivities for these alternative land uses vary across locations within the Amazon region. In this research, we build and analyze a spatial/dynamic model of socially efficient land allocation to establish a benchmark for ad-hoc policies. We show how to incorporate the stochastic evolution of cattle prices, and we explore the consequences of ambiguity in the location-specific productivities on the socially efficient policy. Finally, we assess the consequences of imposing alternative social costs of carbon emissions on the spatial/dynamic allocation of land use. Our results indicate that with modest transfers per ton of net CO2, Brazil would find it optimal to choose policies that produce substantial capture of greenhouse gasses in the next 30 years, suggesting that the management of tropical forests could play an important role on climate change mitigation in the near future.
嘉宾简介
何塞·A·舍因克曼（José A. Scheinkman）现任哥伦比亚大学Charles and Lynn Zhang经济学教授、普林斯顿大学西奥多·威尔斯"29教席经济学名誉教授以及美国经济研究局研究员。此前，舍因克曼曾任芝加哥大学经济系Alvin H. Baum杰出服务教授和系主任、法国Blaise Pascal研究教授、法兰西公学院访问教授，高盛集团金融策略部副部长，以及《政治经济学杂志》联合主编。他曾担任数家金融机构的顾问，并在Cosan Limited董事会任职，该公司为纽约证券交易所上市公司，主要从事巴西的糖、乙醇和能源的生产和分销。
舍因克曼是美国国家科学院成员、美国艺术与科学学院院士、美国金融协会院士、计量经济学会院士、巴西科学院通讯成员，并被巴黎达芬奇大学授予“荣誉博士”称号。他于2007年获古根海姆奖，并于2014年获得CME-MSRI创新定量应用奖。舍因克曼目前的研究重点是金融市场的投机行为以及流动性增加对金融脆弱性的影响。
José A. Scheinkman is the Charles and Lynn Zhang Professor of Economics at Columbia University, Theodore A. Wells ‘29 Professor of Economics (emeritus) at Princeton University and a Research Associate at the NBER. Previously, Scheinkman was the Alvin H. Baum Distinguished Service Professor and Chairman of the Department of Economics at the University of Chicago, Blaise Pascal Research Professor (France), Visiting Professor at Collège de France, Vice President in the Financial Strategies Group of Goldman, Sachs & Co. and co-editor of the Journal of Political Economy. He has served as a consultant to several financial institutions and serves on the board of Cosan Limited, a NYSE listed company engaged in the production and distribution of sugar, ethanol and energy in Brazil.
Scheinkman is a Member of the National Academy of Sciences, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the American Finance Association, Fellow of the Econometric Society, Corresponding Member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, and received a “docteur honoris causa” from the Université Paris-Dauphine. He was awarded a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship in 2007 and the CME-MSRI Prize in Innovative Quantitative Applications in 2014. Scheinkman’s current research focuses on speculation in financial markets and on the effect of increases in liquidity on financial fragility.
参会方式
· 本次会议为线下学术会议，仅面向清华师生及研究人员。
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