during 的用法詳解

2019-08-22     河北專接本答疑

1. 表示「在……期間」,是介詞,不要將其誤用作連詞。如:

他在巴黎期間,與他的朋友住在一起。

誤:During he was in Paris, he lived with his friends.

正:While he was in Paris, he lived with his friends.

正:During his stay in Paris, he lived with his friends.

2. during 和 for 均可表示一段時間,但兩者有差別。

(1) during 通常表示事件發生在何時(when),而for則表示事件持續了多長時間(how long)。如:

He was in hospital for six weeks during the summer. 他在夏天住了 6 個星期的醫院。

(2) 兩者之後均可接由 the whole 引起的時間短語,但通常不能接由 all 引起的時間短語。如:

他整個夏天都住在那兒。

正:He stayed there for [during] the whole summer.

誤:He stayed there for [during] all the summer.

(3) 在「數詞+時間名詞」之前以及在some time, a long time之類表示泛指一段時間的詞組之前,可用介詞 for,但不用 during。如:

He lived here for ten years (for some time). 他在這兒住過 10 年(一段時間)。

3. during與in均可表示「時間點」,有時可互換。如:

I'll be on holiday in [during] August. 我將在8月度假。

He woke up three times in [during] the night. 夜裡他醒了 3 次。

但在使用時還有以下幾點要注意:

(1) 比較而言,during 更強調時間的延續,in 只是指一般性的某一時間。因此若表示狀態或習慣性動作,多用during,否則以用in為常見。如:

Many people suffered hardship during the war. 許多人在戰爭期間受苦遭難。

He was injured in the war. 他在戰爭期間受了傷。

(2) 在stay, visit, meal等表示行為要持續一段時間的名詞之前,只能用during 而不能用in。如:

The phone rang during the meal. 吃飯時電話鈴響了。

I went to see my aunt during my stay in Beijing. 在北京逗留期間,我去看了我的姑媽。

(3) 與季節名詞連用,in表泛指,during表特指。如:

In summer we often camp in the forest. 夏天我們常在森林裡露營。(泛指)

During the summer we camped in the forest. 今年夏天我們在森林裡露營。(特指)

文章來源: https://twgreatdaily.com/p78NwWwBJleJMoPMim7o.html