(1)「Why not+動詞原形+…?」(幹嘛不……?)是簡略句,完全形式是：Why don』t you+動詞原形+…?
如：Why not go and have a look?(幹嘛不去看看？)
Why not try it once again?(為什麼不再試試？)
(2) seem(好像)的用法：記住幾個結構：
sb./sth. + seem + (to be+)形容詞+…；
sb./sth. + seem + like +…；
sb/sth + seem + to(do)；
Itseems that + 從句。
如：He seemed (to be) very happy when he was called by the headmaster.
(被校長叫到名字時他好像很開心)
It seems that nobody else could do such a foolish thing except Jim.
(除了吉姆好像沒有什麼人會做出如此愚蠢的事情來)
(3)be afraid(害怕)的用法：記住幾個結構：
be afraid of sth; be afraid of (doing)
be afraid to (do);
beafraid that+從句。
如：She is a little afraid of snakes.(她有點怕蛇)
Don』t beso afraid to stay at home alone at night.
(別害怕晚上一個人在家)
I』m afraid that somebody will take he is place because of his serious mistakes.
(恐怕有人要取代他了,因為他犯了那麼大的錯誤)
(4) be sorry(抱歉)的用法：記住幾個結構：be sorry for (sth);
be sorry for (doing sth);
be sorry to (do);
be sorry that+從句。
如：I am very sorry forkeeping you waiting so long.(不好意思讓你久等了)
I am sorry to trouble you.(對不起,麻煩你了)
I am sorry(that) he isn』t here at the moment.
(恐怕他現在不在)
(5)be sure (確信)的用法：記住幾個結構：be sure of (sth);
be sure to(do);
be sure that+從句。
如：She told me many times that she was sureto come.(她給我講過多次她一定會來的)/ Are you sure of your answer? Maybe it’s wrong.
(你對你的答案有把握嗎？也許是錯的。)
I am sure that Dad will help me with the job.
(我確信爸爸會幫著我做這件事情的)
(6) make與do的用法：一般情況下表示進行活動或者做工作用do,表示創造建構某事物用make. 如：I don』t know what to do.(我不知道該幹什麼)
I』m not going to doany work.(我不準備做什麼)/
My father and I once madea boat.
(我和我爸曾經做過一隻船)
此外還要記住一些固定說法：do good/ harm / business / one’s best / a favour……
make a decision / an effort / a mistake / a noise / a phone call /money / war / the bed / sure,...
(7)put on、wear、have…on、be in、try on、dress的用法：
put on強調「穿、戴」這個動作過程,wear則表示「穿著、戴著」這一狀態,
have+衣物+on主要表示狀態,be in(+顏色/衣物)也是表示一個狀況,
dress(+人)表示「給…人穿衣」。
如：Please put onyour new shoes.(請穿上你的新鞋)
The twins are wearing the same clothes.
(雙胞胎穿著相同的衣服)
Today she has an overcoat on.(今天她穿著一件大衣)
Do you know the woman whois in black?
(你認識那個身穿黑衣的女人嗎？)
Dad is dressing Tom now.(爹正在給湯姆穿衣)
[注意]dress與wear或put on的區別：wear或put on常用衣物作賓語,而dress常用人作賓語。表示給自己穿衣時常用「get dressed」或「dress oneself」表達。
be dressed in與wear基本同義。dress up意為「穿上盛裝、喬裝打扮」。
如：Could you dress the baby for me?
(你能替我給寶寶穿衣嗎？)
He is eight but can』t dress himself.
(他八歲了,還不會穿衣服)
She was dressed ina red coat.(她穿著一件紅上衣)
Do I have to dress upto go to Jim’s party?
(我得穿上好衣服去參加吉姆的聚會嗎？)
(8)like、love與enjoy的用法：三個詞都含有「喜歡」的意思,但是,like和enjoy後面跟動名詞,love後面一般跟動詞不定式。like後面有時跟動詞不定式,表示一種習慣或嗜好(往往與具體的時間或地點有關)。
enjoy後面還可以加名詞、反身代詞,表示「享受…樂趣；玩得開心」。
如：Do you likes hopping?(你喜歡購物嗎？)
He likes to have a swim when he gets home every afternoon.
(每天下午放學後他總愛游個泳)
They love to sing foreign songs.
(他們喜愛唱外國歌曲)
Did you enjoyyourself at the party?
(在聚會上你玩得開心嗎？)
He enjoys living in China.(他喜歡在中國生活)
(9)study、learn的用法：
study主要表示「學習、研究」,指過程；而learn主要表示「學會」,指結果。表示「學」時可以互換。
如：How many subjects do you study?
(你學多少門課程？)
Have you learned it yet?(這個你學過了嗎？)
How long have you studied/learned English?
(你學英語多久了？)
learn還可以表示「聽說」
如He learned the musician himself was in town.
(他聽說音樂家本人就在城裡)
(10)think、want、would like的用法：三個詞都含有「想」的意思,但think指「思考、考慮」,
want指「想要、願望、企圖」,
would like指「想要」,think後面一般跟介詞短語或從句,want和would like後面跟名詞或動詞不定式。
如：Do you think that China will become a developed country in 40 years?
(你認為中國會在40年後成為已開發國家嗎？)
I am thinking of the money I once lent to Li Min.
(我正在想著以前借給黎敏的錢)
What do you really want to say?(你到底想幹什麼？)
Which of these cakes would you like(to have)?
(這些餅子中你想吃哪些？)
(11)look for、search…for、find、find out的用法：
前面兩個詞語表示動作過程,後面兩個表示結果
,look for指「尋找」不見的或丟失的東西,但還沒有找到；
search…for…指「為找…而搜尋…」；
find指「找到」了東西；find out主要指「查明一個事實真相」。如：
Hey,Monkey, what are you looking forin the cupboard?
(嘿,猴兒！你在廚子裡面找什麼呢？)
Have you found the lost key to your car?
(你找著丟失的車鑰匙了嗎？)
The soldiers were searchingthe room for the spy when they heard a loud noise.
(士兵們正在房間裡面搜尋間諜突然間他們聽到了一聲巨響)
Let’s try to find outwho broke the window.
(讓我們查查誰把窗子打破了)
[註解]find的幾個結構：
find sb. sth「為某人找到…」,
find sth./sb. + adj./n.「發覺某人是…」,
find it +adj.+ to do…(或+賓語從句)「發現(做……)如何」。
如：His mother foundher daughter a very clever girl.
(他的母親發現她的女兒是個聰明的女孩)(名詞作補語補足語)
You can easily find it not good for your health to eat cold food.
(你很容易就會發現吃冷食對你的身體是不利的)
(12)listen to、hear的用法：
兩個詞與聽覺有關,listen to指「聽」這一過程,
hear指「聽到」這一結果。
如：Are you listening tome, Jim? Yes, I have heard your words.(吉姆,你在聽我說嗎？是的,你的話我全聽見了)
(13)look、see、watch、read的用法：
四個詞均與眼睛有關
look指放眼去「看」(不管是否看得到),指「看」的過程；
see指「看見」這一結果,有時see還引申為「明白」,表示「看」時後面加「電影」等詞；watch指專注的看,含有「注視、監視」之義,後面常跟「電視、比賽」等詞；
read限制為看書面材料,譯為「看、閱讀」,後面跟「書、報紙、雜誌」等詞
如：What are you looking at?(你在看什麼？)
Please look at the blackboard.(請看黑板
Let me go to seethe film, mum, will you?(媽媽,讓我去看電影吧,好嗎？)
He won』t feel well until he finishes watching the football match.
(要看完了足球賽他才會感覺好些)/
Reading gives us knowledge.(閱讀給我們知識)
(14)hear、hear of、hear from、learn的用法：
hear「聽說」,後面可以跟名詞、代詞、從句表示聽見的內容,
hear of「聽說」,後面跟人,指對某人有耳聞但沒有見過面；
hear from「收到… …的來信」,後面加人；
learn「聽說、得知」,後面跟從句,含義與hear相似。
如：I hear Mr Green is coming to see us tonight.
(我聽說格林先生今晚要來看望我們)/
Have you ever heard ofthe man who once went to the Himalaya Mountains?
(你是否聽說過那個去過喜馬拉雅山的人？)
How often do you hearfrom your father?
(隔多久你收到你父親的信？)
He learned the musician himself wasin town.
(他聽說音樂家本人就在城裡)
(15)speak、talk、say、tell的用法：
四個詞與「說」有關。
speak「講話、發言、演說」,是不及物動詞,涉及人時要加介詞to, speak作及物動詞時後面跟語言名稱；
talk「談話、閒談」,是不及物動詞,涉及人時用介詞with、to等,涉及事情時後面跟介詞about等；
say 是及物動詞,後面跟名詞、代詞、從句等,表示說的內容；
tell是及物動詞,後面首先要跟人,然後再跟從句或者介詞短語等。
如：Do you speakEnglish?(你講英語嗎？)
Who spoke at the meeting?(誰在會上發了言？)/
Our teacher is talkingto Lin Tao’s parent
.(我們的老師正在跟林濤的家長講話)
Can you say it inEnglish?(你能用英語說出它嗎？)
Please tell me something about the strange flying
object.
(請跟我講講那個奇怪的飛行物的事情吧)
(16)be able to(do)、can的用法：
can是情態動詞,有許多含義,表示「可能、可以、會」等意思,只有現在式can和過去式could兩種形式；
be able to表示能力上「會」,有多種時態形式,to後面跟動詞原形,有時可以與can/could互換。
如：Can you speak English?(你會說英語嗎？)
He couldn』t(wasn』t ableto) swim when he was 12.
(他十二歲時不會游泳)
(17)there be、have的用法：兩個詞都可以譯為「有」,但是,have表示的是「擁有」,主語必須是人或者物
there be表示「存在」的概念,主語在there be之後。
如：How many brothers and sisters do you have?
I haveonly one brother
.(你有多少兄弟？我只有一個兄弟。)
How many chairs and desks are therein their classroom? There is none.
(他們教室里有多少張桌椅？一張也沒有。)
[註解]there be sb./sth doing與there be sb./sthto do 有所不同：
用doing表示一個正在發生的事情,而用to do 則表示一個滯後或遲於there be的動作。如：Look! There is a dog lyingon the stairway. /
Take your time. There is nothing for you to dotonight.
(18)borrow、lend、keep的用法：
表示「借」的三個詞,
borrow「借進」、
lend「借出」
都是一次性動作,不可以和表示一段的時間狀語連用；
keep「保存」用來表示借一段時間。
如：I have lost the book I borrowedfrom my teacher. What can I do?
(我丟掉了從老師那裡借來的書)
How long have you keptmy dictionary, eh? For more than two months!
(呃,我的字典你借了多久了？兩個多月了！)
(19)bring、take、carry、send、lift的用法：
bring指從遠處「拿來」；take指從面前「拿走」；
carry指一般的搬運,不涉及方向；send主要指「送、派遣、寄」；
lift指把東西由低向高「提起、拎起」。例略。
(20)hope、wish的用法：兩個詞都表示「希望」,但是,hope表達有把握或信心實現的事情,後面直接跟動詞不定式或者賓語從句,不可以跟動名詞或作賓語補足語的不定式；
wish表達實現的可能性不大的事情,後面跟名詞、賓語從句(用過去時)或者作賓語補足語的不定式。
如：We all hopeto see him very soon.(我們全都希望儘快見到他)
I hope it will befine tomorrow so that we can go out.(我希望明天天好,這樣我們就能出去了。)
How I wishit was not raining at the moment!(我多麼希望此刻不在下雨！)(事實上天正在下雨)
(21)take、spend、pay、cost的用法：
spend的賓語通常是金錢或時間,
句型：sb.+(spend)+時間/金錢+on sth / (in) doing sth. ；
take的主語通常是事情,
句型：sth./It+ (take)+sb.+時間+to do… 。
(如果是動作則常用it作形式主語將動詞不定式後移)；
cost的賓語通常是時間、金錢、力氣,
句型：sth.+(cost)+sb.+時間/金錢/力氣. ；
pay的賓語通常是金錢,句型：sb.+(pay)+金錢+for+事物.
如：She spent the whole night reading the novel.
(她花了一個晚上看那本小說)
This job willtake me two days.=It will take me two days to do the job.
(做這件事情要花我兩天的時間)
How much does a house like this cost?
(像這樣的房子要花多少錢？)
I paid him twenty dollars for the book..
(我花了20元從他那兒買了書)
(22)begin、start的用法：
begin在大多數情況下可以替代start,(反義詞是end),後面接不定式或動名詞時區別不大,但是start還可以表示「開始、出發、啟動」
反義詞是stop；某事停止後再重新開始一般用start.
如：When did you begin/startto learn English?(你什麼時候開始學英語的？)
They started getting in the crops after the rain stopped.(雨停後他們開始收割莊稼)
This time he could not starthis car.
(這次他沒法啟動他的汽車)
(23)arrive in/at、reach、get to的用法：
arrive是不及物動詞,到達具體地點時後面加介詞at,到達一個大的地方(國家、城市)時後面加介詞in, arrive後面可以直接跟地點副詞here/there/home等；
get表示「到達」時是不及物動詞,涉及地點(無論大小)時後面加to, get後面可以直接跟地點副詞here等
reach是及物動詞,後面直接跟地點名詞。
如：He arrived in San Franciscolast Sunday.
(上個星期天他抵達舊金山)
How did you get therein the night?
(你是怎樣在夜間到達那裡的？)
We hurried all the way and reachedthe station just five minutes before the train left.
(我們一路狂奔在火車啟動前5分鐘到達車站)
(24)be made of、be made from、be made into、be made in、be made by、be made for的區別：
be made of指從製成品中可以看得出原材料
be made from則指從製成品中看不出原材料,口語中都可以換成be made out of。be made into表示「被製成……」
be made in表達被製造的地點
be made by表達製造的人
be made for表達被製造的目的。
如：This kind of paper is made frombamboo.(這種紙是由竹子生產的
The desk is made of wood and metal.
(桌子是鐵和木頭打的)
A lot of paperhas been made into paper birds.
(許多紙被摺疊成了小鳥)
Computers are made inthese cities.
(計算機是在這幾個城市製造的)
This kite was made byUncle Wang.
(這個風箏是王叔叔做的)
A big bag was made for me to hold my waste things.
(一隻大包做好了讓我裝廢物)
(25)be used for、be used to、used to、get used to的區別：
be used for + 名詞/代詞或動名詞
be used to + 動詞原形,表示兩個短語意思相近,表示「用於…」。
used to + 動詞原形,表示「過去常常」,否定式可以是「didn』t use to」也可以是「usedn』t to」；
get/be used to + 動名詞,表示「習慣於….」。
如：A knife can be used forcutting things.(刀可以用來割東西)
A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用來割東西)
He used toborrow novels from the library when he was at school.
(他上學時常常在圖書館借書)
He is used to getting up early in the morning. (他習慣早起)
(26)beat, win與lose：beat (打敗),後面跟「人」,而win(贏得),後面跟「比賽、競賽」等。如：Who won at last?(最後誰贏了？
Class Three beatus 5-0.(三班以5∶0打敗了我們)
I am sure to win the match.(我一定能贏得比賽)
而lose則表示「輸了」,常用句型：lose sth. to sb.
如：Unluckily we lost the match to Class Three.
(不幸的是我們比賽輸給了三班)
(27)grow、plant、keep的區別：
plant著重講「栽、種植」這個動作
grow則指種植以後的「栽培」、「管理」
keep則主要指「喂養」、「贍養」一個人或者動物。
如：He grew vegetables in his garden.
(他在園子裡種菜)
I planted ten trees last year,but four of them died.(去年我栽了10棵樹,但是死了4棵)
Old women enjoy keeping cats ordogs to kill the time.
(老年的婦女喜歡養貓養狗打發時間)
(28)fall 、drop的區別：
fall指東西由高處向下墜落,不及物動詞；也可以作連繫動詞,意思是「變得,進入某種狀態」。
drop表示物體由高處往低處落下,不及物動詞；或讓物體落向低處,及物動詞。
如：The man fell off the tractor and hurt himself.
(那個人從拖拉機上摔下來跌傷了)
Soon after they touched the pillows they fell
(系動詞) fast asleep.(他們頭挨枕頭不久就睡著了)
He felt as if he had to dropmaths
.(他覺得似乎要放棄數學)
He dropped a letter into the mail-box
.(他向郵箱裡丟了一封信)
(29)join、join in、take part in的區別：
join多指參加組織、團體、黨派等,後面跟人時表示和某人一起參加某項活動；
join in指參加某項遊戲或活動
take part in多指參加群眾性的活動、運動、會議等。
如：He joined the army in 2001.(他2001年參軍)
They joined me in congratulating you.
(他們和我一起向你祝賀)
Do join us in the game.(千萬參加我們的比賽)
He took an active part inthe students』
movement in the 1940s.
(在二十世紀40年代他積極參加學生運動)
(30)beat、hit、strike的用法區別：
beat指「連續不斷地打擊；(心臟的)跳動」；
hit指「一次性地撞擊、命中」；strike與hit基本同義,還可以理解為「劃(火柴)、給……深刻的印象」
如：The man looks dead, but his heart is still beating weakly.
(那個人看上去死了可心臟還在微弱地跳動)
He hit the ball so hard that it flew over their heads and fell into the lake他踢球的勁太大球飛過他們的頭頂落入水中
He went into the room and struck a match(火柴). (他走進房間划著了一根火柴)
(31)carry on、carryout的區別：
carryon表示「進行、繼續」
carryout表示「進行、貫徹、實現」。
如：I will carryon the work.(我會繼續工作)/
I have some difficulties in carryingout his orders
.(對於執行他的命令我有問題)
(32)be amazed與be surprised的區別：
be amazed「感到驚訝」,指人對某個不可能發生卻實際發生了的事情感到極其的訝異；be surprised「感到吃驚」指人對突發的事件感到驚訝。
如：When he dived deep into the sea, he was amazed at the colours of all the beautiful coral reefs.
(他深潛到海中時被所有美麗的珊瑚礁驚呆了)
He was very surprised when he heard a loud noise from inside the room.
(聽到房間裡傳出一個很大的聲音他非常地吃驚)
(33)warn的用法：
warn sb. of/aboutsth」意思是「針對…而警告某人」
warn sb (not) to do sth」意思是「告戒某人(不)要做某事」
warn sb. + that從句」意思是「警告某人說……」。
如：They warned the passengers of thieves.(他警告路人小心竊賊)
I warn you that you will fail in the coming exams if you are still so lazy.(我警告你：如果你還這麼懶在即將來到的考試中你會不及格的。)
He was warned not to go out in the late night. (他受到警告不要在深夜出去)
(34)think of與think about等短語的區別：
think of表示「考慮、思念、認為、想起、建議」等
think about」表示「看待、認為」
think much /highly /a lot of」表示「高度評價…」
think over」表示「仔細考慮」
think out」表示「想出」。
如：The headmaster thought highly of this boy.(校長高度地評價了這個男孩)
We』re thinking of going to France for our holiday.
(我們在考慮去法國度假的事情)
Think it over and you will have a way.(仔細考慮就有辦法)
I cannot think of his name. I forgot it. (我想不起他的名字我忘了)
－What do you think about his composition?
－Very good!(他的作文你覺得怎麼樣？ 很好。)
(35)agree with/ agree to / agree on等詞語用法：
「agree to+動詞」表示「同意做某事」,「
agree with + sb./觀點」表示「贊同…的觀點」
agree about表示「對…話題有相同看法」
agree to +建議」表示「同意」某人的建議
agree on + 決定」表示「贊成某人的決定」。