一、主謂關係中人稱和數量不一致性
錯誤例子：
a. A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.
b. He go to school by bike every day.
正確例子：
a. A number of students are going to learn a foreign language.
b. He goes to school by bike every day.
分析：a句中a number of +複數名詞做主語時，其謂語動詞用複數形式。b中 He是第三人稱單數，在一般現在時態中謂語動詞go應該加es。
二、時態
錯誤例子：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it was born.
b. I will not come here if it will rain tomorrow.
正確例子：
a. A baby can cry as soon as it is born.
b. I will not come here if it rains tomorrow.
分析：a句是一個常識問題，應該用一般現在時態。b句主句是一般將來時，從句是一般現在時態。
三、語態錯誤
動詞的被動式在英語中比比皆是，學生由於漢語思維的影響，很少考慮到用被動語態。雖然中文裡也有被動式的含義，但與英語裡被動式表達方式完全不同。英語裡的被動式要求有助動詞be和一個變異的過去分詞形式，其中這個助動詞帶有時態和人稱數量信息，中文裡需要使用諸如「被」、「使」、「讓」等詞語，不需要有不規則的動詞形式。這對中國的學習者來說就有潛在的困難。
錯誤例子：
a. New bicycles must keep inside.
b. The book has to return at the end of the week.
c. The food has cooked.
d. Knife should take away from babies.
正確例子：
a. New bicycles must be kept inside.
b. The book has to be returned at the end of the week.
c. The food has been cooked.
d. Knives should be taken away from babies.
分析：以上句子的問題就在於沒有運用好被動語態。
四、固定搭配
錯誤例子：
a. He suggested to go there on his bike.
b. My teacher explained me the text very carefully.
c. My mother made me to choose the one I liked best.
正確例子：
a. He suggested going there on his bike.
b. My teacher explained the text to me very carefully.
c. My mother made me choose the one I liked best.
分析：中國學習者的英語應用很大程度上受到其母語的影響，經常直接翻譯，沒有牢牢記住動詞的特殊用法和固定搭配。比如suggest doing sth.;explain sth. to sb.;make sb do sth.
五、非謂語動詞
錯誤例子：
a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things look at.
b. I am looking forward to see you.
正確例子：
a. In the museum there are a lot of interesting things to look at.
b. I am looking forward to seeing you.
分析：a句中已有謂語動詞來修飾things，此句缺的是後置定語。b句look forward to是一個固定短語，look forward to doing sth.
六、冠詞的使用
冠詞考查分兩個方面，一是冠詞的殘缺或多餘，考生要注意關於含有冠詞（不含冠詞）的用法以及加冠詞與不加冠詞的區別，如：in charge of與in the charge of, out of question與out of the question的區別。二是冠詞the, a, an（不定冠詞和定冠詞）之間的相互誤用。
英漢名詞確有許多共同點，但是也有不少不同點。英語名詞有可數與不可數之分，漢語裡沒有，且一般情況下，名詞都可受到數量詞的限制。因此，英語寫作中，一旦涉及到advice, news, progress, weather, information等少數常用不可數名詞時，學生往往會犯錯誤。
不過，在使用英語不可數名詞時，又會出現兩種情況，一種是絕不可以用a/an或數詞來直接修飾，如上述提及的幾個名詞;另一種情況是，少數不可數名詞在被形容詞修飾後，可用a/an等來修飾。如time（時間），rain（雨）。所以我們可以說：We had a wonderful time yesterday.
錯誤例子：
a. The air is the most important thing for our existence.
b. The driver brought the car to stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.
c. When sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.
正確例子：
a. Air is the most important thing for our existence.
b. The driver brought the car to a stop. In this way, he avoided an accident.
c. When the sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.
分析：a句中air是不可數名詞，不需要the，b句中stop在此處的意思是站台，表示某一個站台，需要有a來修飾，c句中太陽是專有名詞，需要有the來修飾。
七、代詞的使用
代詞主要有人稱代詞、物主代詞、關係代詞、反身代詞、疑問代詞、復合疑問代詞、指示代詞，要注意代詞的各人稱之間和單複數之間的誤用，關係代詞 which, that, as之間的誤用，關係代詞that與疑問代詞what之間的誤用，以及what與how的誤用等。
錯誤例子：
a. We do not like he.
b. The population of China is larger than those of Japan.
c. His book is different from me.
正確例子：
a. We do not like him.
b. The population of China is larger than that of Japan.
c. His book is different from mine.
分析：只要區分好這些代詞之間的區別和意思，其實這些錯誤很容易被避免。
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