it的基本用法



it的基本用法

(1)it 代替前文已提到過的一件事物。

The vase is valuable.It's more than 200 years old.那個花瓶很珍貴,它有200多年的歷史。

(2)當說話者不清楚或沒必要知道說話對象的性別時,也可用 it 來表示,起指示代詞的作用。

—Who is making such a noise?

是誰發出這樣的吵鬧聲?

—It must be the children.

一定是孩子們。

(3)it 無指代性,常用作沒有具體意義的主語,出現於表示天氣、氣候、季節、溫度、時間、地點、距離、環境情況等意義的句子中。

It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here.這裡離最近的醫院有六英里。

It was very cold.It snowed and grew dark.

天很冷;下著雪,天變黑了。

It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment. 此刻非常吵鬧/安靜。

(4)it 也常用來表示一般的,籠統的情況。

It's awful—I've got so much work but I don't know where to start.

糟透了——我有這麼多工作要做,卻不知從何開始。

(5)it 還可在介詞後占有賓語的位置,然後通過 that 引出一個介詞賓語從句。

You may depend on it that they will support you.你放心好了,他們會支持你的。

(6)it可用在主語的位置,代替不定式、動名詞或從句作形式主語,使句子保持平衡,避免頭重腳輕。

It's important for us to master the computer skills.

對我們來說,掌握計算機技能十分重要。

It's no use trying to lose weight without keeping your diet.

想減肥卻不節制飲食是沒用的。

It is said that the meeting will not be held.

據說會議不開了。

(7)it也可用在賓語的位置,代替不定式、動名詞或從句作形式賓語,使句子結構更加緊湊。

I found it quite pleasant to work with him.

我發現和他在一起工作很愉快。

I don't think it worthwhile taking such trouble. 我認為不值得費這麼大的勁。

We took it for granted that they would like the idea.

我們想當然地認為他們會喜歡這個主意。

(8)用在某些詞組中,沒有特殊意義。

That's it. 那正是我想知道的。

At last we've made it. 我們終於成功了。

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